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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Polar Molecule
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opposite ends of teh molecule have opposite charges
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cohesion
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binding of "like" molecules
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adhesion
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binding of different molecules
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surface tension
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a measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surgace of a liquid
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Kinetic Energy
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energy of motion
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Heat
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measure of the total quantity of kinetic energy due to the molecular motion in a body of matter
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Temperature
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measures the intensity of heat due to the average kinetic energy of the molecules
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Celsius Scale
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used to indicate temperature
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Calorie
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the amount of heat energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1 degree Celsius
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Kilocalorie
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the amount of heat energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1 degree Celsius
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Joule
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energy unit. 4.184 of these equals a calorie
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Specific heat
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a substance is defined as the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1g of that substance to change its temperature by 1 degree celsius.
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Heat of Vaporization
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the quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1g of it to be converted from the liquid to the gaseous state
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evaporative cooling
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as liquid evaporates, the surgace of the liquied that remains behind cools down
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Solution
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a liquid that is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
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Solvent
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dissolving agent
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Solute
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substance being dissolved
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Aqueous Solution
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solution in which water is the solvent
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Hydration shell
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a sphere of water molecules around each dissolved ion
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hydrophilic
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water loving; ionic or polar
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hydrophobic
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water hating; non-ionic or nonpolar
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Mole
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equal in number to the molecular weight of a substance
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Molecular Weight
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the sum of the weights of all the atoms in a molecule
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Molarity
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the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
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Hydrogen ion
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a single proton with a charge of +1
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Hydroxide ion
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water molecule that lost a proton
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Acid
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a substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution
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base
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a substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution is called a base
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Acid precipitiation
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rain, snow, or fog with a more acidic ph than 5.6
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