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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
population
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group of individuals of the same species
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community
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assemblage of populations of different species
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ecosystem
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all abiotic factors and community in an area
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abiotic factors
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biosphere
biome temperature water light wind rocks and soil periodic disturbances |
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thermal stratification
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vertical temperature layering
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detritus
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dead organic matter
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littoral zone
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shallow water close to shore
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limnetic zone
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well-lit open water farther from shore
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profundal zone
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deep, aphotic waters
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thermocline
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narrow layer, rapid temperature change
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oligotrophic lake
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deep waters, nutrient poor
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eutrophic lake
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shallow waters, nutrient rich
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mesotrophic
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moderate productivity
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intertidal zones
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area where land meets water
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neritic zone
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shallow regions over continental shelves
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oceanic zone
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very deep water past the continental shelves
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pelagic zone
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open water of any depth
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benthic zone
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sea floor bottom
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abyssal zone
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benthic region in deep oceans
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tropical forests
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equator
most complex constant temperature and rainfall canopy |
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savanna
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tropical grassland with scattered trees
occasional fire and drought large herbivores forbs? |
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desert
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sparse rainfall
widely scattered shrubs |
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chaparral
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spiny evergreens at midlatitudes along coasts
fire-adapted vegetation |
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temperate grassland
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all grasses
seasonal drought occasional fires relative cool regions |
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temperate deciduous forest
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midlatitude regions
broad-leaf deciduous trees |
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taiga
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cone-bearing trees/coniferous forest
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tundra
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permafrost, very little precipitation
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wetlands
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areas covered withwater and supporting water plants
important to flood control and water quality |
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estuaries
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where a freshwater river meets and ocean
highly productive |
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principle of allocation
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used to analyze how an organism divides its limited energy among reproduction, eaitng, growing, escaping from predators, and homeostasis
REGEH |
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regulator
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organism able to regulate its behavior and physiology and therefore able to adapt;
not much of its energy budget can be allocated to reproduction |
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acclimation
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can extent the tolerance limit of an organism
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conformer
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needs a specific area and environment that stays constant with little change (eg a coral reef)
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upwellings
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bring nutrient rich water to the surface
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agnostic behavior
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involves a contest to determine which competitor gains access to a resource
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dominance hierarchies
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eg wolf packs
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promiscuous
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no strong pair bonds forming
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polygynous
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one male and many females
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polyandrous
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one female and many males
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migrations
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long-distance regular movements often involving a round trip each year
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piloting
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traveling from one familiar landmark to another
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orientation
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an animal detects compass directions and moves in a straight path towards its destination
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navigation
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ability to detect compass direction and to determine present location relative to a destination (a map sense)
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nitrogen fixation
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soil bacteria and symbiotic bacteria in root nodules fix nitrogen in terrestrial ecosystems
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nitrification
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some soil bacteria oxidize ammonium to nitrite and nitrate
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