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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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DNA
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Deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms.
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Adhesion
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The clinging of one substance to another.
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Cardohydrate
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Sugars and starches, which provide energy for humans and animals, and cellulose which make up many plant structures.
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Chitn
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A polysaccharide that is the principal component of the exoskeletons of arthropods and of the bodies of fungi.
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Cohesion
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The stinking together of like molecules, such as water molecules.
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Compound
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A chemical substance consisting of two or more different elements.
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Condensation Reaction
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A chemical reaction in which two molecules form a new molecule and condensation.
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Controlled Experiment
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An experiment in which tests a hypothesis by looking for changes brought on by alterations to a variable. In a controlled experiment, an independent variable is the only factor that is allowed to be adjusted, with the dependent variable as the factor that the independent variable will affect.
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Covalent Bond
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Bond in which one or more pairs of electrons are shared by two atoms.
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Dehydration Synthesis
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a chemical reaction that involves the loss of water from the reacting molecule.
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Double Helix
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A pair of parallel helices intertwined about a common axis.
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Element
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A substance that can't be broken down to a smaller substance by chemical reactions.
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Genes
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A unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.
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Glycogen
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A substance, only in animals, used as a store of carbohydrates.
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Hydrolysis
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The chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water.
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Ionic Bond
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A chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains an electron to form a negative ion.
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Isomer
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Each of two or more compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement of atoms in the molecule and different properties.
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Amino Acid
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A simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl and an amino group.
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Monosaccharide
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Any of the class of sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed to give a simpler sugar.
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Peptide Bond
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A peptide bond (amide bond) is a covalent chemical bond formed between two molecules when the carboxyl group of one molecule reacts with the amine group of the other molecule.
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Polymer
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A substance that has a molecular structure consisting chiefly or entirely of a large number of similar units bonded together.
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Polypeptide
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A linear organic polymer consisting of a large number of amino-acid residues bonded together in a chain, forming part of (or the whole of) a protein molecule.
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Primary Structure
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The characteristic sequence of amino acids forming a protein or polypeptide chain, considered as the most basic element of its structure.
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Protein
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Any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms.
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Ribose
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AN organic compound found in nucleotides of RNA and in ATP.
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Starch
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An odorless tasteless white substance occurring widely in plant tissue and obtained chiefly from cereals and potatoes.
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Steriod
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Any of a large class of organic compounds with a characteristic molecular structure containing four rings of carbon atoms.
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Triglyceride
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An ester formed from glycerol and three fatty acid groups.
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