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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Control center of the cell. It contains the cell's DNA |
Nucleus |
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Site of most of the cell's ATP production |
mitochondrion |
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site of protein synthesis |
ribosome |
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contain enzymes that detoxify chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide |
peroxisome |
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hairlike extensions from the plasma membrane that propel the cell (makes it move) |
cilia |
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Single extensions from a cell that propels the cell itself
|
flagella |
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The only cell in the human body that has flagella (in the cell naturally) |
flagella |
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Area that contains cytosol and organelles |
cytoplasm |
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contains digestive enzymes that break down different substances within the cell (cell digestion) |
lysosome |
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central area of the cell containing centrioles |
centrosome |
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Rough Endoplasmic reticulum contains what other organelle (Rough E.R) |
ribosome |
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Series of membranes; modifies proteins made by the ribosomes |
rough ER |
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site of liquid and cholesterol synthesis and metabolism; drug and toxin detoxification |
Smooth ER |
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The movement of a solute from a area of high concentration to a low concentration |
Diffusion |
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The movement of a solvent from a solution with lower solute concentration to a solution with a higher concentration through a selectively permeable membrane (water follows the salt) |
osmosis |
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continual process of growth and replication of cells |
cell cycle |
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portion of the cell cycle during which growth is initiated and DNA is replicated |
interphase |
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Portion of the cell cycle during which the cell divides its organelles, cytosol, and replicated DNA two identical daughter cells |
mitosis |
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What attaches to the chromosomes and pull them to the opposite poles of the cell |
mitotic spindle and spindle fibers |
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What factors influence the rate at which diffusion takes place? |
size of the particles temperature steepness of the concentration gradient (how much is there)_ |
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________ solutions have the same concentrations |
isotonic solutions |
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A _______ solution has a higher concentration than the cytosol |
hypertonic |
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A _____ solution has a lower concentration than the cytosol |
hypotonic |
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the organelle in which amino acids are hooked together to make proteins |
ribosomes |
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the organelle that makes lipids, breaks down drugs and other substances, and packages proteins for the Golgi complex |
Endoplasmic Reticulum |
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The organelle that breaks down food molecules to make energy available (ATP)
|
Mitochondria |
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the organelle that processes and transports proteins and other materials out of the cell |
Golgi complex |
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the organelle that stores water and other material |
Vacuole |
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the organelle that digests food particles, wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders |
lysosome |
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Humans have ____ chromosomes |
46 |
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thread-like strands present when cells are NOT dividing |
chromatin |
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The liquid that is inside the cell is called the ___________. |
cytosol |
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Which of the following cells would most likely have the greatest number of mitochondria? |
Cardiac muscle |
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What stage of mitosis do chromosomes become visible in the nucleus? |
Prophase |
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What phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell? |
metaphase |
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list the correct sequence of the cell cycle phases? |
G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, mitosis, cytokinesis |
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division of the cytoplasm |
Cytokinesis |
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The structure that holds sister chromatids together is called the ________. |
centromere |
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To which portion of the chromosome do the mitotic spindle microtubules attach during the highlighted phase of mitosis? |
centromere |
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requires a membrane-bound carrier for transport? |
facilitated diffusion |
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During which phase is DNA replicated? |
Interphase |
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During which phase are the centrioles lined up in the middle? |
Metaphase |
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During which phase are the two daughter cells produced? |
Telophase |
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Centrioles and the Mitotic spindle (red lines that appear in mitosis) are made up of what? |
microtubles |
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Bone is a type of _________ tissue |
connective |
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Blood is a type of ________ tissue |
connective |
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adipose is a type of ________ tissue |
connective |
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cartilage is a type of ________ tissue |
connective |
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Osmosis deals strictly with ______ and is one way you can tell it apart from diffusion |
water |
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If you drink the organelle responsible for detoxifying that harmful substance is the |
peroxisomes |