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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Ptolimaic
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geocentric, church's view of the universe (Earth as center)
Bad things decend and things get more perfect as you go out. |
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Macrokosmos
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big shape
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Copernicus
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Heliocentric idea
sun as the center. |
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De Revolutionibus
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Copernicus's book in Latin that had the sun as the center with circular orbits around it and was not published in his lifetime.
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Brahe
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Worked for Danish King
was the more famous died of burst bladder(or mercury poisining(as and alchemist)) |
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Kepler
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worked for Danish King (Brahe's assistant?)
came up with 3 laws. |
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Kepler's 3 laws
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1. orbits are eliptical
2. different speeds of planets going around sun 3. faster speeds when closer to the sun. |
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Galileo
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in touch with Brahe and Kepler.
improved telescope questioned aristotle's ideas. EXPERIMENTATION! supported copernican model. house arrest and died |
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"Starry Messanger"
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galileo's book stating that there were mountains on the moon and it wasn't perfect.
(found jupiter's moons and star clusters - other works) |
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Bacon
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Lord chancellor in England
Writer on Science did not see potential in math. |
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"Novum organum"
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Bacon's book on theories through induction.
scientific method and recorded process. |
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"New Atlantis"
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Bacon's book on a utopian governmet, governed by science.
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Rene Descartes
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math can describe universe.
geometry (cartesian) |
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Cartesian Dualism
"Cogito Ergo Sum" |
"i think therefore i am"
what is real vs what is perceived. |
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Newton
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3 laws:
1. action = reaction 2. rest = rest 3. motion = motion Gravity = moving planets Larger = more gravity calculus (@ same time as Leibniz) |
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Montague
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leader of skeptics in France
questioning beleifs and accepted traditions critical thinker. |
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Thomas Hobbes
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"Leviathan"
Absolutist governement(bad view of people in state of nature) Social Contract: ruler gives order and receives Natural Rights Secular justification of absolutism |
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Locke
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more supportive of constitutional monarchy.
people are resonable and educable. ruler gives natural rights and receives loyalty and good sense. (Conditional) |
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Enlightenment
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light in dark closet/centered in France.
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Philosophes
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french for philosophers (in France during 1700's)
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Voltaire
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most influencial and most famous philosophes
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Plea for Tolerance and Reason
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Voltaire's work on tolerance, dogma, fanaticism, superstition, and war.
deist work. |
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Deism
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God-ism - god created world and laws of nature and then set the world free.
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Empiricism
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beleif that knowledge is only attained through the senses and investigations of the senses.
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Leibniz
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"we are in the best of all worlds" (like pangloss)
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Candide
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satire of the world by Voltaire.
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Diderot and D'alembert
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made an encyclopedia full of opinion.
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De montesquieu
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was a baron who fought for the rights of nobles in France, arguing for a constitutional government with checks and balances.
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Joseph II
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an enlightened monarch.
the son of Maria theresa. spread education and secularized chuch lands. equal taxation, made secret police to make sure reforms were carried out. |
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Frederich the Great
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introduced religious toleration and was a very Englightened monarch.
Codefied laws and expanded (gaining silesia) |
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Codefying laws
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written and accessible laws applied equally.
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Catharine the Great
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the englightened monarch of Russia.
established schools for girls, abolished torture and capital punishments, and attempted to get rid of serfdom. also expanded into poland. |
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Grand Comission
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Catharine's laws to reform.
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Pugachev's rebellion
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a rebelion of serfs who wanted better conditions but acted so unorganized and brutally that it convinced Catharine the Great that serfdom did not need to be abolished.
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Maria Theresa
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an Englightened monarch who nationalized/standardized/secularized education. she made an official language, more toleration, a better police force, and small, lasting changes.
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Robot Patent
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serfs make and keep more money. could only work limmited hours and life was easier for the church.
(by Maria Theresa) |
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Edict of Toleration
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1781 for freedom for lutherans and calvinists.
promoted comerce and agriculture in the economy. (By Maria Theresa) |
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Potemkin
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was sent to impress Joseph II and erect a new village that was perfect.
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Meritocracy
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jobs go to people who deserve them and are not hereditary.
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1801
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act of union - UK of ireland and Great britain one.
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John Wilkes
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voted onto parliament but not given a seat until later.
made press cogerave a bigger deal and made it a public affair. |
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Edmund Burke
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a conservative who said that Parliament should be proportional and should be independant from the monarch.
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Thomas Paine
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a critic of parliament who said that parties are essential (Whigs and Tories)
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