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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of bone is this?
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long bone
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What type of bone is this?
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long bone
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What type of bone is this?
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Flat bone - part of skull
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What type of bone is this?
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Sesamoid bone - patella (knee)
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What type of bones are these?
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short bones
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What type of bones are these?
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Irregular bones
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What is an example of a LONG BONE?
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Femur
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What is an example of a SHORT BONE?
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Tarsals and Carpals
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What is an example of a IRREGULAR BONE?
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Vertebrae
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What is an example of SESAMOID BONE?
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Patella
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What is an example of a FLAT BONE?
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Plates of Skull, scapula, ribs
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A bone that has long longitudinal axes and expanded ends.
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Long bone
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A cubelike bone with roughly equal lenghts and widths.
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Short bone
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Special type of short bone that is usually small and nodular and embedded in a tendon adjacent to a joint, where the tendon is compressed.
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Sesamoid bone (round bone)
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A bone that has a platelike structure with broad surfaces.
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Flat bone
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A bone that has a variety of shapes, and most are connected to several other bones.
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Vertebrae, and many facial bones
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Label the bones
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a.) long bone
b.) short bone c.) flat bone d.) irregular bone 3.) sesamoid (round) bone |
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What are the parts of a long bone (femur)?
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What is an epiphysis?
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Expanded portion at the ends of a long bone which articulates (or forms a joint) with another bone.
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Which epiphysis is closest to the torso?
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proximal epiphysis
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Which epiphysis is farthest from the torso?
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distal epiphysis
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On the outer surface of the epiphysis there is a layer of __________.
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Hyaline cartilage
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Articular Cartilage is what type of cartilage?
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Hyaline Cartilage
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The shaft of the bone is called the _________.
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Diaphysis
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The widening part of the bone between the diaphysis and the epiphysis is the _______.
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metaphysis
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A bone is enclosed in a tough, vascular covering of dense connective tissue called the _________.
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periosteum
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What are bony projections called?
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processes
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The type of bone that has a continuous extracellular matrix with no gaps and is also a tightly packed tissue that makes up the wall of the diaphysis is _________.
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compact bone
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Know the difference between compact and spongy bone and where each is located!
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Compact-outside covering, solid
Spongy-made up of many layers of trabeculae (branching bony plates) |
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Name the peices of the skull.
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occipital, parietal, frontal, temporal, mandible, maxilla, zygomatic, sphenoid, ethnoid, vomer.
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What are endochondral bones?
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Most of the bones in the body. they develop from masses of hyaline cartilage shaped like future bony structures.
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What is the process of forming an endrochondral bone called?
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endrochondral ossification.
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A band of cartilage that remains between two ossification centers is?
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epiphyseal plate
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The pituitary gland produces....
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growth hormone
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The process of blood formation is called?
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hematopoiesis
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How many bones are in the adult skeleton?
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206
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How many cranial bones?
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8
frontal 1 parietal 2 occipital 1 temporal 2 sphenoid 1 ethmoid 1 |
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How many facial bones?
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14
maxilla 2 palatine 2 zygomatic 2 lacrimal 2 nasal 2 vomer 1 inferior nasal concha 2 mandible 1 |
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How many middle ear bones?
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6
malleus 2 incus 2 stapes 2 |
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How many bones make up the skull?
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22 bones
14 facial + 8 cranial=22 |
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How many hyoid bones?
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1 - located under the neck between the lower jaw and the larynx. Supports the tongue.
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Name the parts of the axial skeleton.
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skull, middle ear bones, hyoid bone, vertebral column, thoracic cage
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What is the axial skeleton?
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Bony and cartilaginous parts that support and protect the organs of the head, neck, and trunk.
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How many bones are in the vertebral column?
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26
cervical vertebrae 7 thoracic vertebrae 12 lumbar vertebrae 5 sacrum 1 coccyx 1 |
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How many bones are in the thoracic cage?
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25
ribs 24 (twelve pair) sternum 1 |
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Name the parts of the appendicular skeleton.
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Pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, lower limbs
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How many bones are in the pectoral girdle?
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4
scapula 2 clavicle 2 |
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How many bones are in the upper limbs?
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60
humerus 2 radius 2 ulna 2 carpal 16 metacarpal 10 phalanx 28 |
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How many bones are in the pelvic girdle?
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2
hip bones 2 |
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How many bones are in the lower limbs?
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60
femur 2 tibia 2 fibula 2 patella 2 tarsal 14 metatarsal 10 phalanx 28 |
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What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
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Upper and lower limbs and both the pectoral and pelvic girdles.
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condyle?
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rounded process that usually articulates another bone.
ex: occipital condyle of the occipital bone |
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crest?
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narrow, ridgelike projection
ex: iliac crest of the illium |
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epicondyle?
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projection situated above a condyle.
ex: medial epicondyle of the humerus |
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facet?
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small, nearly flat surface
ex: rib facet of a thoracic vertebae |
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fissure?
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cleft or groove
Ex: inferior orbital fissure in the orbit of the eye |
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fontanel
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soft spot in the skull where the membrane cove the space between bones.
EX: anterior fontanel between the frontal and parietal bones |
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foramen?
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opening through a bone that usually serves as a passageway for blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments
EX: foreman magnum of the occipital bone |
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fossa?
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relatively deep pit or depression
EX: olecranon fossa of the humerus |
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fovea?
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tiny pit or depression
EX: fovea capitis of the femur |
