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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Our awareness of ourselves and out environment
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Consciousness
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The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language).
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Cognitive Neuroscience
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The principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks
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Dual Processing
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The focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus
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Selective Attention
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Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere.
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Inattentional Blindness
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Failing to notice changes in the environment
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Change Blindness
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The biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle
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Circadian Rhythm
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A recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur; paradoxical sleep because the muscles are relaxed but other body systems are active
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REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep
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The relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state
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Alpha Waves
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Periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness
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Sleep
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False sensory experiences
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Hallucinations
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The large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep
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Delta Waves
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Recurring problems in failing or staying asleep
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Insomnia
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A split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviours to occur simultaneously with others
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Dissociation
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Drugs that depress the activity of the CNS; reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement
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Barbiturates
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The major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations
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THC
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Sleep disorder characterised by uncontrollable sleep attacks; sufferers may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times
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Narcolepsy
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Sleep disorder characterised by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings
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Sleep Apnea
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Sleep disorder characterised by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during Stage 4 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep and are seldom remembered
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Night Terrors
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A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person's mind. Dreams are a notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamer's delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it
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Dream
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According to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream
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Manifest Content
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According to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream
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Latent Content
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The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep)
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REM Rebound
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Social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviours will spontaneously occur
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Hypnosis
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A suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotised
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Posthypnotic Suggestion
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A chemical substance that alters perceptions and mood
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Psychoactive drug
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The diminishing effect with regular used of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug's effect
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Tolerance
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The discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug
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Withdrawal
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Physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued
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Physical Dependence
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A psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions
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Psychological Dependence
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Compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences
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Addiction
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Drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions
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Depressants
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Opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; depress neural activity, temporarily, lessening pain and anxiety
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Opiates
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Drugs that excite neural activity and speed up bodily functions
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Stimulants
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Drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes
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Amphetamines
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A powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels
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Methamphetamine
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Synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen; produces euphoria and social intimacy but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition
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Ecstasy (MDMA)
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Psychedelic ("mind-manifesting") drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input
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Hallucinogens
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A powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as "acid"
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Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)
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An altered state of consiousness reported after a close brush with death; often similar to drug-induced hallucination
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Near-Death Experience
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