Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Temperance
|
Shift from moral to political action. American Temperance Society in 1826. Persuade drinkers to pledge total abstinence. More than a million members after 10 years.
|
|
Henry David Thoreau
|
"Walden" "Civil Disobedience" - practice plain living.
|
|
Transcendentalism
|
Ralph Wlado Emerson - things that rose above the limits of reason.
|
|
Sojourner Truth
|
African American female abolitionist. Traveled country.
|
|
Unitarians
|
Denomination emphasizing the kindness of God, goodness of humans, and ability to reason and conscience over truth. All eligable for salvation.
|
|
Universalists
|
Stressed slavation for all mena nd women. Too merciful to condemn anybody to enternal punishment.
|
|
Utopian community
|
Plans for perfect communities. Economic and social objectives, but religious nature was most long lived. Brook Farm, New Harmony two flourished the most.
|
|
Walt Whitman
|
"Leave of Grass" - served as nurse during Civil Warq
|
|
Brigham Young
|
Leader of Mormons moving westward. Planned new community, became cheif and theocratic authority.
|
|
Know Nothing Party
|
Order of the Star Spangled Banner - secret rituatls, fraternal order. Restrictions on immigration, immigrants and Catholics excluded from public office. Successful.
|
|
Lowell System
|
Factory system in Mass. Brought spinning and weaving using power machinery. Designed model communities that would rewards "Moral" behavior.
|
|
Manumission
|
Formally freeing someone from slavery.
|
|
Eli Whitney
|
Cotton gin, interhcnageable parts for goods.
|
|
Herman Melville
|
"Moby Dick"
|
|
Nativism
|
Anti-immigration behavior in response to the German and Irish immigration. Fears of voting blocs, and unfamiliar religious practices.
|
|
Steamboat
|
Robert Fulton and Robert Livingston - first steam-powered boat. Not affected by wind or current and made water transportation more reliable.
|
|
Working Men's Party
|
First labor party formed in 1828. Ineffective from inexperienced leaders. Manipulation by professional politicians.
|
|
Turner's Rebellion in 1831
|
Violent revolt of African Americans. Nat Tuener was the leader and religious fanatic. Small group killed. Military took strong action.
|
|
Specie Circular
|
1837 Jackson goverment would accept only hard currency for payment in goverment lands. Prevent fraud for bank notes and credit.
|
|
Spoils System
|
Dispensing goverment jobs as a reward for party loyalty. Argued that it promoted government corruption.
|
|
Tariff of 1816
|
Indended to protect U.S. industry after the embargo ended. Tariff became sectional issue with the North favoring and the south disapproving.
|
|
Trail of Tears
|
Cherokee trek from Georgia to Oklahoma. Forced to move in 1838 after Jackson left office. Caused over 4000 deaths.
|
|
Daniel Webster
|
Orator and laywer and senator of Mass. Defended federal goverment that said state couldn't nullify federal law. Went against Robert Hayne. "Liberty and union, one and inseparable, now and forever."
|
|
Webster-Hayne debate
|
Robert Hayne argued that government edangered the Union - concept of federal goverment as 'agent' of state. States could judge if 'agent' went out of bounds.
|
|
Worcester vs. Georgia
|
Cherokees and Georgia. Cherokee were a sovereign nation and the 'leaving bills' weren't relevant. Native americans forced to leave.
|
|
Abolition
|
Belief that slavery should be abolished. AMerican colonization Society - freedom for African Americans.
|
|
American COlonization Society
|
Promoted the idea of freeing slaves. 1822 established Monrovia, Liberia. Colonization proved never to be practical because of expanding numbers of African Americans in U.S.
|
|
Commonwealth vs. Hunt
|
Mass. Supreme Court ruled - forming atrade union not illegal. Imoprtant victory for labor movement.
|
|
James Fenimore Cooper
|
"The Spy" "The Leather-stocking Tales" "Last Words of Mohicans" Characters pitting themselves against nature and winning.
|
|
Dorothea Dix
|
Published report after examining jails and poorhouses. National attention and states changed. Pressed for changes in prisons and asylums.
|
|
Frederick Douglass
|
Former slave who spoke out against the brutality that he faced. "Narrative of life of Frederick Douglass" Left country to avoid capture.
|
|
Ralph Waldo Emerson
|
Transcendental movement. Intuitive ways of thinking to discover ones inner spirit and finding God in nature. Attacked materialism.
|
|
Nathaniel Hawthorne
|
"Scarlet Letter" "House of the Seven Gables" Wrote of sin, pride, secret, guilt.
|
|
Charles Finney
|
Preached - generated many conversions. Loneliness was a decision that kept many from converting. Transformed revivals into communal experiences. Teached at Oberlin College
|
|
William Lloyd Garrison
|
Newspaper published "The Liberator" advocated abolition of slavery. Burned constitution believing it was pro-slavery. Estbalished American Anti-Slavery Society.
|
|
Horace Mann
|
Reforms in public education. First state-supported "Public School". Defended school system as equal opportunity.
|
|
Susan and Angelina Grimke
|
South Carolina sisters - dedicated to anti-slavery, feminism, and reform work. "Appeal to the Christian Women of the South" "Letter of the Condition of Women and the Equality of the Sexes."
|
|
Mormons (Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints)
|
Joseph Smith founded. Moved westward to IL, Brigham Young took over afterwards and moved to Great Salt Lake utah
|
|
Lucretia Mott
|
Adovates of women's rights. "Delcaration of Sentiments" Worked with Susan B. Anthony.
|
|
Romanticism
|
Spirit over reason and logic. Emphasis on individualism.
|
|
Second Great Awakening
|
Spirit influenced American life. Rev. Timothy Dwight, Charles Finney.
|
|
Senecea Falls Convention (1848)
|
Elixabeth cady Tatnton and Lucretia mott. Feminist organized convention.
|
|
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
|
First women's activists.
|
|
John Quincy Adams
|
First secretary of state, then president. Aksed money fro internal improvements for manufacturing. Served only one term.
|
|
Anti-Masons
|
Opposed fraternal order. Entered in 1832. First group to hold national cominating convention.
|
|
Nicholas Biddle
|
President of Bank of U.S. Jacksons suspected him of abusing power and serving wealthy. Arrogance factor.
|
|
John C. Calhoun
|
South Carolina senator. Vice President to Jackson. War hawk for nationalist and states' rights to sectionalism.
|
|
Cherokee Nation vs. Georgia
|
State of Georgia passes law requiring Cherokee to migrate WEst. Supreme Court ruled Cherokees could stay in Georgia.
|
|
"corrupt bargain"
|
Accustation of secret political deal between Henry Clay and John Quincy Adams. Adams won presidental election. Clay secretary of state.
|
|
Era of Good Feelings
|
James Monroe's presidency. RIvals for presidency flock during beginning of Monroe's second term. ONLY one political party - why it was 'good feelings'
|
|
Era of Good Feelings
|
James Monroe's presidency. RIvals for presidency flock during beginning of Monroe's second term. ONLY one political party - why it was 'good feelings'
|
|
William Henry Harrison
|
President 1840. Former governor of Indiana territory. Depicted as a plain and simple man though he was a Whig.
|
|
Internal Improvements
|
Maysville Rd. Under Jackson - road through Kentucky, and linked to National road in Cincinnati. Set prececent that there were limits of federal funds. Railroads built later.
|
|
Maysville Road Bill
|
Internal improvements using federal funds vetoed by Jackson. Was introducted by Henry Clay.
|
|
Panic of 1837
|
Economic depression, failure to renew Bank of U.S. Banks closing doors - Whigs blamed democrats. Allowed little federal imput into economy.
|