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92 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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V-J Day-
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Victory over Japan (Aug 15, 1945)
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Military-Industrial Complex-
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Pres Eisenhower’s term for the way industry and the military worked together to keep the US spending billions on defense
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Fascism-
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Right-wing antidemocratic totalitarian movement that began in Europe after WWI, characterized by strong dictators backed by the military
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Manchuria-
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Chinese region invaded and occupied by Japan in 1931
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Mussolini-
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Haile Selassie-
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Adolph Hitler-
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Fascist dictator of Germany who came to power in 1933
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National Socialists-
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Technical name of Hitler’s Nazi party
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Mein Kampf-
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Aka My Struggle. Hitler’s book detailing his plan to take over Europe & annihilate his enemies
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Dachau-
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Hitler’s first concentration camp, established in Germany in 1933
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Chamberlain-
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British PM and appeaser before WWI
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Appeasement-
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Policy of giving in to threats employed by British and French prior to WWII
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Rome-Berlin Axis-
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German/Italian alliance of 1936
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Anti-Comintern Pact-
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German/Japanese alliance of 1936
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Good Neighbor Policy-
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FDR’s policy renouncing the use of force & armed intervention in the Western Hemisphere
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Cordell Hull-
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FDR’s Sec of State
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Isolationism-
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Popular US policy after WWI
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Senator Nye-
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ND senator who investigated the influence of economic interests on the US’s decision to enter WWI
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Neutrality Act-
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1935 isolationist arms embargo on warring nations designed to keep US out of wars. In 1936 it was expanded to include loans to belligerents & in 1937 it adopted a “cash and carry” provision for all goods
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Spanish Civil War-
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1936-1939. Fascist Franco helped by Nazis takes over Spain
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Munich Conference-
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Nonaggression Pact-
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1939 German/Soviet Union agreement to split Eastern Europe
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Sept 1, 1939-
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Germany invades Poland & WWII begins
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Blitzkrieg-
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June 22, 1940-
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America First Committee-
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Election of 1940-
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FDR (& radical VP nominee Henry Wallace) wins an unprecedented 3rd tem v. Wendell Willkie
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Lend-Lease Act-
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1941 law allowing the US to lend or lease military equipment to any nation vital to US security
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“Four essential freedoms”-
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FDR’s 1941 State of the Union address outlining 4 freedoms (speech, worship, from want & fear)
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Winston Churchill-
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Anti-appeasement Brit PM after 1940
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Atlantic Charter-
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FDR/Churchill outline of post-war aims (freedom etc.)
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Nanking-
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Area in China brutally suppressed by Japan in 1937
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Tri-Partite Pact-
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1940 German/Japan/Italian treaty
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Tojo-
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Japanese PM during WWII
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Dec 7, 1941-
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Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor which killed over 2,400 Americans. FDR called it “a date which will live in infamy” & the next day the US declared war on Japan
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War Powers Act-
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Dec 18, 1941 law granting President unprecedented authority over conduct of war
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Keynesian Economics-
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Gov’t policy of deficit spending to stimulate economy
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Revenue Act-
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1942 that expanded income taxes to middle class
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Dollar a Year Men-
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Executives who “volunteered” to help US build war machine
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Office of Price Administration-
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aka OPA. Federal agency to regulate economy, allocate resources & keep inflation down
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Anti-Inflation Act-
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1942 law to prevent inflation
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War Productions Board-
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aka WPB. Awarded defense contracts & helped economy to convert to military production
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Cost-Plus Provisions-
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WPB provisions which guaranteed US companies a profit for war time production
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Henry Stimson-
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Henry Kaiser-
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Shipbuilder who helped produce war ships during WWII
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Navajo Code Talkers-
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Native American soldiers who sent messages during WWII
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Women’s Army Corps-
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aka WACs
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Women Accepted for-
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aka WAVEs
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Women’s Airforce Service-
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aka WASPs
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Rosie the Riveter-
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Norman Rockwell’s image of women who worked in industry while the men fought
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National War Labor Board-
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aka NWLB to prevent strikes and keep workers happy during WWII
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John A. Lewis-
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Pres of United Mine Workers Union who led a strike in 1943
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Smith-Connally Labor Act-
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1943 bill passed over FDR’s veto which limited the right to strike
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Double V Campaign-
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Black activist policy of victory over Nazism & racism
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A. Philip Randolph-
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Executive Order 8802-
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FDR’s order ending discrimination in employment in defense industries
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Fair Employment Practices-
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aka FEPC. Federal agency to investigate discrimination
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League of United Latin-
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aka LULAC. Designed to eliminate discrimination v. Latin Americans
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Congress of Racial Equality-
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aka CORE. Founded in Chicago by James Farmer
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Election of 1942-
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Repubs pick up 10 seats in Senate & 47 seats in House. FDR forced to begin dismantling New Deal
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Servicemen’s Readjustment Act-
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aka GI’s Bill of Rights to help GIs with education, mortgages, pensions & job training
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Election of 1944-
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FDR wins an unprecedented 4th term v. Repub Dewey but drops controversial VP Wallace & nominates moderate MI sen Truman
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Victory Gardens-
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Vegetable gardens to provide more food during war
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Office of War Information-
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aka OWI. War time propaganda organization
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Zoot Suits-
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Popular baggy suits during WWII
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Executive Order 9066-
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FDR’s 1942 order to intern Japanese citizens in internment camps in the west
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442nd Regimental Combat Team-
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Japanese American unit which was one of the most decorated during WWII
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Molotov-
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Soviet foreign minister during WWII
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Tehran Conference-
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Grand Alliance-
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aka the Allies. US,Brit & USSR alliance during WWII
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Battle of Stalingrad-
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Eisenhower-
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US general in charge of Allied forces in Europe
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Afrika Korps-
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German troops under Rommel in North Africa defeated by US General Patton & Brit General Montgomery in 1942-43
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Axis Powers-
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Germany, Italy & Japan
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Soft Underbelly-
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Churchill’s term for Italy, where Allies invaded in 1943 after taking N Africa from Germany
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D-Day-
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June 6, 1944 invasion of France at Normandy by Allies
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Battle of the Bulge-
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Last German offensive in Dec 1944. It failed.
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V-E Day-
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May 8, 1945. Victory in Europe Day
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Holocaust-
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Nazi extermination of 5-6 million Jews in death camps like Auschwitz, Poland to achieve Hitler’s “final solution”
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Nuremberg Laws-
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1935 Nazi laws stripping Jews of rights in Germany
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Bataan Death March-
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US soldiers marched, often to death, in Philippines by Japan in 1942
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Battle of the Coral Sea-
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May 1942. US halts Japanese offensive in Pacific
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Battle of Midway-
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June 1942. US beats Japan in major sea battle
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General Douglas MacArthur-
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US general in charge if Pacific operations
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Admiral Nimitz-
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US admiral in Pacific
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B-29s-
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aka “Flying Super Fortess” . US bomber used primarily v. Japan
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Iwo Jima & Okinawa-
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Spring 1945 bloody battles on islands close to Japan
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Kamikaze-
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Japanese suicide pilots
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Yalta Conference-
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Very controversial Feb 1945 meeting between Big Three FDR, Churchill & Stalin where Stalin expressed his interest in occupying Eastern Europe & FDR accepted it
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April 12, 1945-
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Manhattan Project-
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Secret project to develop atom bomb during WWII
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Hiroshima & Nagasaki-
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Japanese cities bombed with A-Bombs in Aug 1945
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