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35 Cards in this Set
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Pre-RenaissanceArt |
Renaissance: Rebirth Rebirth in the interests of the ancient worlds Greco-Roman(Classical Antiquity): interested in human form,humanity, Anthropocentric Middle Ages: Religious subjects, hierarchy of importantfigures, flat, Theocentric |
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MaestaAltarpiece (main panel). 1308-1311 Duccio di Buoninsegna ItalianGothic/Proto-Renaissance: 1300-1348 Rise of cities led to different style First work to show shift in style Title means virgin in majesty For the cathedral of Sienna Chiaroscuro: forms 3D shape Empirical Perspective: not exact perspective Orthogonals: diagonal lines creates illusion ofspace |
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Annunciationof the Death of the Virgin (from MaestaAltarpiece). 1308-1311 Duccio di Buoninsegna Italian Gothic/Proto-Renaissance: 1300-1348 Gabriel comes to tell Mary she’s about to die |
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Annunciationto Anna. 1305-1306 Giotto di Bondone Italian Gothic/Proto-Renaissance: 1300-1348 Giotto more influential, painted the Arena Chapel(1305-1306) Painted in Fresco vs. Tempera Fresco: water paint Tempera: egg yolk + pigment Giornata: day’s worth of painting, patch Anna: mother of the virgin Uses one source of light, in cathedral/chapel |
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Last Judgement Giotto di Bondone Italian Gothic/Proto-Renaissance: 1300-1348 Mandorla: manifestation of his holiness Last thing seen inthe Chapel On the left: theblessed On right: the damned Bottom left: EnricoScrovegni, Virgin Mary in center, gift of the chapel Virgin Mary known asthe Intercessor Usury: lending moneyat interest, sin Tonsure: shaving ofthe head |
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Birthof the Virgin Triptych (1342). Pietro Lorenzetti 2ndGeneration/Proto-Renaissance Combination of Duccio and Giotto Portrayal ofbiblical scenes in modern day Scenes beyond the first wall |
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Effectsof Good Government in the City. 1338-1340 Ambrogio Lorenzetti 2nd Generation/Proto-Renaissance Reflection of thechanging in society in the Medieval WorldMaterialism St. Francis ofAssisi: important Christian saint, led to this shift in thinking, playboy,shift to the material world Secular: notreligious Shows responsibilityto city, material wealth of the world |
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Triumphof Death (detail) 1325-1350. Francesco Traini (?) Plague/Proto-Renaissance:1348 Fresco Trio of coffins: stages of decay Monk with scroll: contains statement “as you are now, so once was I; as I am now, you soon shall be” Buboes: swelling of the lymph nodes St. Sebastian: Saint from plague Modernization put on hold |
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International Style: 1400-1425 |
The pope: Head of the Catholic church St. Peter was the first pope |
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April (from the VeryRich Hours of the Duc de Berry). Limbourg Brothers International Style: 1400-1425 Duc de Berry: French Bishop Book of Hours: Prayerbook, page for each hour of the day Months separated by aristocrat and peasant activities Portrait of castle belonging to Duc de Berry Walled garden symbolizes daughter’s chastity Realism of Particulars 2 points of view |
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February (from the VeryRich Hours of the Duc de Berry). Limbourg Brothers International Style: 1400-1425 Peasant view |
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Adorationof the Magi. Gentile da Fabriano International Style: 1400-1425 Predella: smaller paintings on thebottom Greek East: born in a cave, nativitystory People are entourage of magi Blue pigment is expensive, lapus lazuli Gold leaf Gothic S curve: strange position Servant and Man looking up has facecompression, element of space.Behavioral Naturalism: actingnon-biblical Continuous Narrative |
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Nativity (from predella of Adoration of the Magi). Gentile da Fabriano International Style: 1400-1425 Before the mainpainting After birth Joseph is a comicfigure Left: two midwives inboth paintings Light effects: nightscenes uncommon, first time showing cast shadows The shepherds in thetop right, angel |
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MerodeAltarpiece (Annunciation, center panel). Robert Campin Humanizing religious subjects Triptych Left: donors Right: Joseph making mouse trap Located in Cloisters: made of five differentmonasteries Shows Northern Europe Renaissance Made for someone’s home Main panel: annunciation, sitting on floor to showhumility Madonna of Humility Materials are differentiated Disguised Symbolism: symbols in everyday object Ceramic jug: white lily represents annunciation, jug is vessel like MaryBlue stripes on towel represent Jewish prayer shawl Candle out: Christ brighter than the light of theworld Lion: King Solomon, wisdom Small cross, Jesus above angel, window is purity,virginity Empirical Perspective: different vanishing points Heavy Clothes: uncommon First time oil paint is introduced Detailed |
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Ghent Altarpiece Hubert and Jan Van Eyck 15thCentury Northern Renaissance: 1400-1475 Come from Flanders(Belgium)(artists) First major public work done in oil Hubert died during this painting Arm detached St. Bavo Cathedral, Ghent Owned by private families Most stolen painting, one panel still missing Outside colors are dull, human world Grisaille: Monotone, non-painted sculptures Donorsare realistic skin, anatomically incorrect Adam andEve, redemption from Christ Adamportrayed from a live model, detailed, anatomically realistic Eve,anatomically unrealistic, general, based on fashion, high forehead God, Virgin Mary and John the Baptist in center Below is landscape, lamb of god, blood is source ofgrace Trinity: lamb of god, God, and dove Mary’s crown has flowers, pearls Detail of jewels in God’s staff, used gold paintnot leaf Left: singing angels, gem reflects window |
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ArnolfiniWedding Portrait Jan Van Eyck 15th Century Northern Renaissance: 1400-1475 Secular, pure portrait Arnolfini was a banker/merchant Axial Perspective: all orthogonals converge on sameaxis Green shows fertility, pregnancy Oranges/fruit: fertility Man detailed, woman is general Dog: loyalty, fidelity, detailed Single candle in chandelier: God Mirror in back reflects room Artist signed wall in the back, inventive marriagecertificate |
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EarlyRenaissance: 1400-1500 |
Disregards gothic, more focused on classical antiquity but also realism Humanism Duomo = ”The Dome” |
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Sacrificeof Isaac Lorenzo Ghiberti(painter) EarlyRenaissance: 1400-1500 Baptistery of St. Giovanni: Where all Florentines are baptized. New style on outside, with doors 28 bronze panels on door Bronze but gold layer for detail Same materials size and story as the one below Quattrefoil: shape of outside Nudity is strange, similar to greek sculpture Some artificial some realistic He won the competition due to less bronze |
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Sacrificeof Isaac Filippo Brunelleschi (goldsmith) Early Renaissance: 1400-1500 More realistic Servants working rather than talking Position is more brutal Isaac is scrawnier |
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The Hospital of the Innocents Filippo Brunelleschi Early Renaissance: 1400-1500 Orphanage Babies swaddled Uses ancient Rome architecture as inspiration Buildings are not measured or exact |
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San Lorenzo (nave and plan) Filippo Brunelleschi Early Renaissance: 1400-1500 Exterior of church unfinished Was hired to refurbish church Church of The Medici, an important banking family Flat ceiling |
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St.Mark Donatello Early Renaissance: 1400-1500 Friend of Brunelleschi Contrapposto: shift in weight Less stiff Reference to ancient sculpture, proportions Drapery shows realism Preaches, shirt untuckedIntricate beard, thinker, eyeballs defined |
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David Donatello Early Renaissance: 1400-1500 From Old Testament, author of the psalsm Bronze, return of ancient practice First free-standing monumental nude since antiquity For Medici family Most often portrayed as an older man during kingdom From David and Goliath, Florence was underdog Nude to recall antiquity Standing on head of Goliath Feminine curves, swelling abdomen Wearing Shepherd’s hat Sensual, feather creeps up thigh, privatecommission Gilded hair |
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EquestrianMonument of Colleoni Verrocchio Early Renaissance: 1400-1500 Verro: true cchio: eye Teacher of Leonardo Da Vinci Equestrian monument revival General from city of Venice Monument to himself Pose is dynamic Face is crazed Side of helmet Colleoni crest |
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TheTribute Money Masaccio EarlyRenaissance: 1400-1500 Thomas: Ugly Tom Died of malaria Classic architecture to frame, from Brunelleschi Must pay a toll, fish has coin Repetition of characters to show story Story to portray Jesus paid taxes too First display of one point perspective, came fromBrunelleschiRealistic, proportional figures |
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Expulsionfrom Eden Masaccio Early Renaissance: 1400-1500 Leaves removed Eve realizes nakedness Growing interest in anatomy Eve is less realistic than Adam Gate of paradise |
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TheTrinity Masaccio Early Renaissance: 1400-1500 Completed just before death Dove, God, and Jesus Scientific perspective Barrel Vault Two on bottom are donors, will be buried Skeleton on bottom, reminder of death Donors are on the same scale, close to holy figures Anatomically correct Architecture reflecting classical antiquity Architecture of Brunelleschi |
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Birthof Venus Botticelli Early Renaissance: 1400-1500 Classical mythology, first reference Made for the MediciCanvas is unusual, reserved for banners Goddess of love and beauty, hung in bedroom aftermatrimony Venus born from sea, Saturn fought with JupiterJupiter threw testicles into sea, Venus is product Zephris on left The Venus Pudica pose Lanky, gothic, long arm and neck |
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Camera degli Sposi Mantegna Early Renaissance: 1400-1500 Did not originate from Florence Worked for the Duke of Mantua Title means “Room of Spouses” or “Painted Room” Loved scientific perspective Everything is painted A casual gathering on one wall, self portrait Spontanaiety, portraits Dwarf is a pet |
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Camera degli Sposi, ceiling(occulus) Mantegna Early Renaissance: 1400-1500 Vaulted ceiling Circular Hole resembles Pantheon “Exotic” figures Plant is loose, playful Winged infants, Puti, cupids, classical antiquityPainting has fresco base, then painted on plaster |
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DeadChrist Mantegna Early Renaissance: 1400-1500 Very religious Kept with him until he died Very intimate Foreshortened, anatomically correct Paintings described as stony Possibly used for personal prayer Painting in Tempera |
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High Renaissance 1490-1520 |
Learn everything from Early Renaissance and break the rules Leonardo Da Vinci Michaelangelo Raphael |
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Anatomical drawing of aFetus in the Womb Leonardo Da Vinci HighRenaissance: 1490-1520 Precise and detailed Using Chiaroscuro Wants to understand anatomy May have discovered the circulation ofblood |
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Vitruvian Man Leonardo da Vinci High Renaissance: 1490-1520 High Renaissance: 1490-1520 Reminiscent of classical antiquity Treatus of Vitruvius, perfectproportions in human beings Square is human realmCircle is perfection |
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Virginand Child with St. Anne Leonardo da Vinci High Renaissance: 1490-1520 Fundamental ideas of renaissance: real vs. ideal St. Anne in back, Mary, then Jesus playing withlamb Circular arcs for perfection Natural interaction Sfumato: shadowy dark treatment of edges, oil St. Anne is giant, sitting on lap strange Breaking scale rule |
