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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name antibody mediated diseases (type II hypersensitivity)
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autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- RBC antigens goodpastures syndrome - basement membranes of kideny glomeruli and lung alveoli acute rheumatic fever - antibody to strep cell wall antigen cross reacts with myocaridal antigen myasthenia gravis - Ach receptor Graves disease which is (hyperthryroidism) pernicious anemia |
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graves disease
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hyperthryroidism
target antigen is thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibody stimulates TSH receptors causing hyperthyroidism |
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pernicious anemia
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intrinsic factor of gastric parietal cells is target, antibody causes neutralization of intrinsic factor, leads to decreased absorbition of vit B12
abnormal erythrpoiesis, anemia |
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immune complex diseases (Type III hypersensitivity)
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systemic lupus erythematosus (antibody against DNA and nucleoproteins)
serum sickness arthus reaction |
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T cell mediated diseases (Type IV hypersensitivity)
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type 1 insulin dependent diabetes mellitus - t cells attack pancreatic islet antigens
rheumatoid arthritis multiple sclerosis target myelin proteins contact sensitivity like poison ivy chronic infections like tuberculosis get granulomatous viral hepatitis |
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cyclosporine
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blocks T cell cytokine production of IL-2
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mycophenolate mofetil
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blocks lymphocyte proliferation by inhibiting nucleotide synthesis in lymphocytes
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rapamycin
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blocks lymphocyte proliferation by inhibiting IL-2 signaling
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corticosteroids
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reduce inflammation by inhibiting macrophage cytokine secretion
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anti CD3 monoclonal antibody
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depletes T cells by binding to CD3 and promoting phagocytosis
treats acute rejection |
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anti IL-2 receptor antibody
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inhibits T cell proliferation by blocking IL-2 binding
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x-linked SCID
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common gamma chain mutation which is component of cytokine receptors, no proliferation of T cells and NK cells, low Ig levels due to lack of T cell help
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autosomal SCID
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caused by ADA (adenosine deaminase) or PNP deficency
proliferating lymphocytes accumulate toxin levels of purine metabolites, limits proliferation of lymphocytes decrease in B and T cells and Ig levels with ADA Can also be caused by RAG gene mutations for Rag recombinase, leads to no antigen recgonition and proliferation |
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X-linked agammaglobulinemia
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decrease in serum Ig levels, reduced B cell levels
block in pre-B cell maturation due to lack of tyrosine kinase (Btk) |
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Digeorge syndrome
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lack of thymus, low T cell count due to failure of T cell maturation
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X-linked hyper IgM syndrome
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CD40 ligand mutations
cause defective B cell heavy chain isotype switching T-cells don't bind to B cells to activate the B cells through the CD40 ligand also defective marcophage activation by T cells Have only IgM antibodies |
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bare lymphocyte syndrome
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defective class II MHC expression due to mutations in transcrpition factors
inpaired CD4+ T cell activation, defective cell-mediated immunity and T cell dependent humoral immunity |
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chronic granulomatous disease
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defective production of reactive oxygen species by phagocytes
marcophages build up and can't destroy microbes effectively which leads to granulomas |
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leukocyte adhesion deficiency
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mutations in genes encoding integrins, can't stop rolling leukocytes so defective adhesion
leukocytes not recruited normally to infection sites |
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chediak-higashi syndrome
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defective lysomal function of lysomal granules of neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells and NK cells don't function right, can't kill bacteria
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