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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Oxidase positive fermenters
-Genera -Shape -Environment |
-Vibrio and Aeromonas
-Curved -Aquatic |
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Genus Vibrio
-Species |
-cholerae, alginolyticus, parahaemolyticus, vulnificus
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Vibrio cholerae
-disease -which strains cause disease -what classifies serotypes -what classifies biotypes |
-Cholera, severe diarrhoeal illness, fatal due to dehydration
-Strains producing toxins -Antigen -Physical properties and behaviour |
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Diseases caused by:
V. alginolyticus V.parahaemolyticus V. vulnificus -immunocompromised -healthy |
-Skin and soft tisse wound infections in marine envrionment, otitis externa
-Gastroenteritis from infected seafood -Most virulent non-cholera, severe septicaemia in immuncompromised host after ingestion of contaminated seafood, cross gut to bloodstream resulting in ulcers 50% mortality -Severe cellulitis and skin necrosis after contamination with seawater |
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Genus aeromonas
-species -diseases |
-hydrophilia and sobria
-A. hydrophilia: aggresive skin and sfot tisue infection complicating wounds sustained in marine environment, gastroenteritis uncommon -A. sobria:gastroenteritis |
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Genus Campylobacter
-shape -environment -species |
-Curved, spiral
-Animals; cattle and pigs -Jejuni and coli |
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Campylobacter jejuni
-importance -commonly found -disease and how acquired |
-Most important human pathogen
-Ubiquitous commensal of pultry -Self-limiting bloody diarrohea with fever and abdominal cramping from poorly cooked chicken |
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Campylobacter coli
-disease |
-Gastroenteritis
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Genus Helicobacter
-species -shape -commensal -disease |
-H. pylori
-Helical -mucous layer covering muscous secreting epithelium of small intestine and stomach -Duodenal and gastric ulcers, gastric adenocarcinoma and lymphoma. |
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Name the Miscellaneous fastidious Gram negative rods
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HACEK
Haemophilus aphrophilus and paraphrophilus Actinobacillus actionmycetemcomitans Cardiobacter hominis Eikenlla corrodens Kingella kingae Pasturella Bordatella Brucella Bartonella |
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HACEK group
-Commensals of -Commonly cause -Why are they culture negative |
-Oropharynx and urogenital tract
-Subacute infective endocardities (infection and destucrtion of heart valves) -Difficult to grow from specimens |
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Genus Pasturella
-species -shape -commensal -disease |
-Pasturella multocida
-coccobacillus -animals mouths, dogs & cats -bite wound infections, aggressive, destructive, chronic infection of skin and subcutaneous tissues extending to tendon sheaths, joint cavities and bone. |
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Genus Bordetella
-shape -species -disease |
-coccobacilli
-pertussis and parapertussis -whooping cough (pertussis) infecting upper respiratory tract |
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Bordatella pertussis
-three stages of disease |
-Catarrhal:non-specific flu-lie symtpoms
-Paroxysm:sevre coughing fits -Convalscent:gradual diminishing of paroxysms over several weeks |
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Genus Brucella
-commensal -species -diseases |
-Animals, responsible for zoonotic infections
-canis, abortus, suis, melitensis -Brucellosis:disease of lymphatic organs, producing supprative lesions, fever, sweat, headaches and depresson |
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Genus Bartonella
-species |
-henselae, quintana, bacilliformis
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Bartonella henselae
-How infection acquired -Disease |
-Inoculated by cat scratch, bite or lick.
-Cat scracth disease:Papule at infected site, chronic regional suppurative lymphadenopathy with malaise and fever; Bacillary angiomatosis in AIDS with vascular proliferation giving red purple lesions; Peliosis lesions of vascular proliferation (blood filled) in organs; Fever and bacteraemia |
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-Diseases by Bartonella quintana
-Diseases by Bartonella bacilliformis |
-Trench fever, transmitted by louse causing headache, vertigo, myalgia, arthraligia, rash and hepatosplenomegaly.
-Oroya fever via sandflies in Andes. |
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Name the four genera of gram negative cocci and coccobacilli
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-Neisseria
-Moraxella -Kingella -Acinetobacter |
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Genus Neisseria
-shape -main species -commensals of -significance of commensals |
-Diplococci
-menigitidis and gonorrhoeae -respiratory and uorgenital tract -misdiagnosis of N. gonorrhoeae |
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Neisseria gonorroeae
-spread -diseases |
-Sexual contact
-Urethritis:inflammation of urethral mucosa with purulent urethral discharge, Cervicitis: inflammation of endocervix with discharge, risk of miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy, pharyngitis or anorectal infection, bacteraemia, opthalium neonatorium:infection of nenonates eyes following passage through infected canal |
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Neisseria menigitidis
-most important virulence factor -which serotypes cause most serious disease -clinical manifestations -commensal of and & |
-polysaccharide capsule
-A,B,C and Y -Purulent menigitis, overwhleming septicaemia with purpuric rash or both together -Nasopharynx 5-10% popn |
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Moraxella
-species -shape -commensal -diseases |
-cattarhalis
-diplococci -female urogenital tract and respiratory tract -lower respiratory tract infections in adults and otitis media and sinusitis in children |
