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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bacterial Meningitis |
Acute inflammation of meninges and CSF Bacteria invade meninges and CSF |
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Transmission |
Droplet transmission ie Nasopharyngeal secretions 🤧 |
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Common Causative Organisms |
1 - 3 months: Group B streptococci Infants aspirate during birth 3 months - 11 years: Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcal) Vaccine schedule 11 - 17 years: Neisseria meningitis (meningococcal) - Nasopharyngeal Vaccine schedule |
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Newborn Treatment |
Iv Antibiotics as soon as Dx after birth |
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Infant and Young Children Symptoms / Clinical Manifestations |
Fever Poor feeding, vomiting Marked irritability High pitched cry Bulging fontanel Seizure activity |
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Neonates Symptoms / Clinical Manifestations |
Poor feeding and sucking Poor muscle tone Weak cry Hypothermia |
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Older children, Adolescents, Y Adults Symptoms / Clinical Manifestations |
-Abrupt onset, chills, fever, headache and vomiting -Seizure {often initial sign} -Extreme irritability and confusion -Photophobia -Nuchal rigidity (very sore neck) -Purpuric rash (rapid onset rapid death <90mins) -+ Kernig and Brudzinski signs |
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Kernigs Sign |
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Brudzinskis Sign |
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Complications |
Puss invading brain Obstructive hydrocephalus (pus) Hearing and Vision impairment Muscular weaknesa/paralysis Seizures Cognitive impairment Septic shock (meningococcemia) |
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Dx Tests |
Lumbar Puncture -Measure CSF pressure -*Obtain culture, cell count, glucose and protein. Decreased Glucose Increased Protein Increased WBC CBC, Blood Culture to see if sepsis is occuring Sometimes Nose and Throat swabs |
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Therapeutic Management |
*IV ANTIBIOTICS IMMEDIATELY* -Broad spectrum antibiotic -fluid resuscitation -maintenance fluid and electrolytes Manage and control ^ICP - Elevate Head of Bed Control seizures Manage systemic shock-fluid resuscitation-maintenance fluid and electrolytesManage and control ^ICP- Elevate Head of BedControl seizures Isolation to keep bac from spreadingPain management-Morphine/Powerful pain killerReduce environmental stimuli-Light and SoundControl Fever -fluid resuscitation-maintenance fluid and electrolytesManage and control ^ICP- Elevate Head of BedControl seizures Isolation to keep bac from spreadingPain management-Morphine/Powerful pain killerReduce environmental stimuli-Light and SoundControl Fever Isolation to keep bac from spreading Pain management -Morphine/Powerful pain killerReduce environmental stimuli-Light and SoundControl Fever Reduce environmental stimuli -Light and Sound Control Fever |
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Viral (Aseptic) Meningitis |
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