Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Alfred Adler
|
School: Psychoanalytic
Contributions: one is trying constantly to overcome childhood inferiority complex |
|
Mary Ainsworth
|
School: Developmental
Contributions: studied little kids in the Strange Situation Experiment (insecure vs. secure attachment) |
|
Gordon Allport
|
School: Trait
Contributions:cardinal, central, and secondary traits |
|
Solomon Asch
|
School: Social
Contributions: line experiment, conformity |
|
Albert Bandura
|
School: Cognitive & Behavioral
Contributions: Bobo Doll experiment (imitation, modeling) and reciprocal determinism |
|
Aaron Beck
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: founder of cognitive therapy |
|
Alfred Binet
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: created first standardized test for intelligence (mental age) |
|
Diana Baumrind
|
School: Developmental
Contributions: parenting styles (authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive) |
|
Walter Cannon
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: Cannon Bard theory (emotions happen at same time as arousal) |
|
Raymond Cattell
|
School: Trait
Contributions: 16 Personality Factors and surface traits |
|
Noam Chomsky
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: language acquisition device (innate aptitude for language) |
|
Herman Ebbinghaus
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: first to study memory, looked at forgetting curve |
|
Paul Ekman
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: 6 basic facial expressions (happy, sad, disgust, anger, fear, and surprise) |
|
Albert Ellis
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: rational emotive therapy (confronting irrational thoughts) |
|
Erik Erikson
|
School: Developmental
Contributions: 8 stages of life, first developmental therapy for whole lifespan |
|
Hans Eysenck
|
School: Trait
Contributions: dimensions of personality (stability vs. instability and extroversion vs. introversion) |
|
Leon Festinger
|
School: Social
Contributions: cognitive dissonence |
|
Sigmund Freud
|
School: psychoanalytic
Contributions: first comprehensive personality theory, first theory on abnormal behavior, and first type of talking therapy |
|
Howard Gardner
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: multiple intelligence theory |
|
Carol Gilligan
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: revised Kohlberg's theory on moral development to look at difference in genders |
|
Daniel Goleman
|
School:
Contributions: emotional intelligence and immediate vs. delayed gratification |
|
J. P. Guilford
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: mental abilities (100+) |
|
G. Stanley Hall
|
School: Developmental
Contributions: one of 1st American psychologists and first to study child psychology |
|
Harry Harlow
|
School: Developmental
Contributions: monkeys & attachment |
|
Karen Horney
|
School: Psychodynamic
Contributions: child anxiety, overcoming helplessness and Electra Complex |
|
William James
|
School: Functionalism
Contributions: 1st American psychologist, studied how mind adapts to the world we live in |
|
Irving James
|
School: Social
Contributions: groupthink |
|
Carl Jung
|
School: psychoanalytic
Contributions: collective unconscious and archetypes |
|
Lawrence Kohlberg
|
School: Developemental
Contributions: how moral dilemmas create moral development in men |
|
Wolfgang Kohler
|
School: Gestalt (Cognitive)
Contributions: insight learning (chimpanzees) |
|
Elisabeth Kubler-Ross
|
School: Developmental
Contributions: studied end of lifespan, stages of death and dying |
|
Karl Lashley
|
School: Behavioral & Biological
Contributions: searched for engram (physical trace) for memory |
|
Richard Lazarus
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: thoughts precede emotions |
|
Elizabeth Loftus
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: eyewitness, reconstruction of memory |
|
Abraham Maslow
|
School: Humanistic
Contributions: self actualization and hierarchy of needs |
|
David McClelland
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: box toss and achievement motivation |
|
Stanley Milgram
|
School: Social
Contributions: shock experiment and obedience |
|
Ivan Pavlov
|
School: Behavioral
Contributions: classical conditioning |
|
Jean Piaget
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: stages of reasoning |
|
Robert Rescorla
|
School: Cognitive & Behavioral
Contributions: contingency model of classical conditioning (adding thinking to the process) |
|
Carl Rodgers
|
School: Humanistic
Contributions: self-concept and genuineness, acceptance, and empathy |
|
Hermann Rorschach
|
School: Psychoanalytic
Contributions: inkblot projective test |
|
Julian Rotter
|
School: Social and Cognitive
Contributions: personal control (internal vs. external locus of control) |
|
Stanley Schachter
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: 2-factor theory - you must experience arousal and interpret the situation to feel emotion |
|
Martin Seligman
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: learned helplessness |
|
Hans Selye
|
School: No one in particular, physiological
Contributions: general adaption syndrome (how we respond to stress: alarm, resistance, and the exhaustion) |
|
B. F. Skinner
|
School: Behavioral
Contributions: Skinner box, operant conditioning |
|
Charles Spearman
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: g-factor of intelligence |
|
Robert Sternberg
|
School: Social and Cognitive
Contributions: triarchic theory of intelligence (analytic, creative, and practical) and triangular theory of love (intimacy, passion, and commitment) |
|
Lewis Terman
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: Standford - Binet |
|
E. L. Thorndike
|
School: Behavioral
Contributions: first to talk about operant conditioning, law of effect |
|
L. L. Thurstone
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: 7 clusters of mental ability ---> used by Weschler to create WAIS and WISC |
|
Edward Titchner
|
School: Structuralism
Contributions: brought psychology to America |
|
Lev Vygotsky
|
School: Developmental
Contributions: looked at role of environment in intellectual development of children (zone of proximal development) |
|
J. B. Watson
|
School: Behavioral
Contributions: classical conditioning and Lil Albert |
|
Max Wertheimer
|
School: Gestalt
Contributions: creator of Gestalt psych. (whole is greater than the sum of its parts) |
|
Benjamin Whorf
|
School: Cognitive
Contributions: learn language through environment and language and thinking influence each other |
|
Wilhelm Wundt
|
School: Structuralism
Contributions: 1st psychologist |
|
Robert Zajonc
|
School: Social
Contributions: social facilitation and mere exposure effect |
|
Philip Zimbardo
|
School: Social
Contributions: Stanford Prison Experiment and roleplaying |