Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
homozygous condition
|
two copies of the genes are identical alleles
|
|
heterozygous
|
two copies of the genes are different
|
|
Each version of a gene is called an _____
|
allele
|
|
____ are units of information about specific traits
|
Genes
|
|
Homozygous dominant example
|
AA
|
|
homozygous recessive example
|
aa
|
|
the alleles an individual inherits are the ______
|
genotype
|
|
observable, functional or physical traits, such as attached earlobes, are called the _______
|
phenotypes
|
|
tool for determining a probable outcome of genetic crosses
|
Punnett square
|
|
the number between zero and one that expresses the likelihood of a particular event.
|
probability
|
|
rule that states that alleles for different traits are sorted into gametes independently of one another.
|
independent assrotment
|
|
evidence for independent assortment can come from a method called the
|
dihybrid cross
|
|
monohybrid cross = ____ dominance
|
simple
|
|
A dihybrid cross follows ____ generations of matings
|
two
|
|
the wide ranging affect of a single gene is called _____
|
pleitropy
|
|
in ______ more than one allele of a gene is expressed
|
Codominance
ex. AB blood type |
|
a gene that has 3 or more alleles is called a _____
|
multiple allele system
|
|
the term ___ refers to the probability that someone who inherits an allele will have the phenotype associated with it.
|
penetrance
|
|
extra finger or toes
|
polydactyly
|
|
the abnormal attachment of muscles to bones of the little finger
|
campodactyly
|
|
when an allele can produce a range of phenotypes, its expression is said to be _____
|
variable
|
|
_____ traits result from the combined expression of several genes
|
polygenic
|
|
height is an example of a polygenic trait exhibiting ____
|
continuous variation
|
|
the study of how individuals react to drugs
|
pharmocogenetics
|
|
second generation offspring from a cross between two homozygotes are the ___
|
F2 generation
|
|
the observable traits of an organism are its
|
phenotypes
|
|
____ are alternate forms of a gene
|
alleles
|
|
a heterozygote has a pair of ___ alleles
|
contrasting
|