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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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how is a hypothesis different from a conclusion |
the hypothesis either supports or rejects the conclusion |
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what happens to the energy that is not passed on from 1 trophic level to the next |
it is lost as heat |
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carbon moves through the environment in ways EXCEPT |
the breaking down of dead plants and animals to release their carbon |
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an area that has similar climates and organisms |
biome |
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any living part of an environment |
biotic factor |
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this results when a pollutant is taken in by an organism and rather than be broken down stays in their tissues |
biological magnification |
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acidic pH |
pH 0-6 |
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neutral pH |
pH 7 |
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basic pH |
pH 8-14 |
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the macromolecule that is primary component of cells |
proteins |
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macromolecule that is primary component of cell membranes |
lipids |
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macromolecule that forms protective padding around organs |
lipids |
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enzymes are made from this macromolecule |
proteins |
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the relatively constant internal physical and chemical state in a living cell and/or entire organism |
homeostasis |
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typically smaller of the two type of cells |
prokaryotic cells |
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animal cells |
eukaryotic |
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bacteria |
prokaryotic cells |
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plant cells |
eukaryotic cells |
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does not have organized nucleus |
prokaryotic cells |
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stores stuff like water,salts, proteins, and waste |
vacuole |
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selectively permeable; only lets certain stuff in and out of the cell |
cell membrane |
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shoots out spindle fibers to guide the chromosomes during cell division |
centrioles |
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converts sunlight into energy through photosyynthesis and contains chlorophyll |
chloroplast |
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breaks down worn out cell parts and waste; rare in plant cells |
lysosome |
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contains the majority of the cells genetic information |
nucleus |
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is usually very large and centrally located in plants cells; causes the plant to wilt if empty |
vacuole |
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makes/assembles proteins |
ribosome |
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converts food and oxygen into ATP, carbon dioxide, and water |
mitochondria |
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forms a rigid outer shell around cell so when cells are stacked together they give the organism its shape |
cell wall |
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the primary photosynthetic light-absorbing molecule in plants |
chlorophyll |
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which of the following are the REACTANTS in photosynthesis |
carbon dioxide and water |
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which are PRODUCTS in photosynthesis |
oxygen and glucose |
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what do plant cells do |
have organelles that perform both cellular respiration and photosynthesis |
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what is the formula for cellular respiration |
C6H12O6 + 6O2 > 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy |
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cellular respiration creates ____ AP from 1 molecule of glucose |
1 |
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Active transport |
Active Transport uses ATP to pump molecules AGAINST/UP the concentration gradient. Transport occurs from a low concentration of solute to high concentration of solute. Requires cellular energy. (endo/exocytosis) |
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Passive transport |
Movement of molecules DOWN the concentration gradient. It goes from high to low concentration, in order to maintain equilibrium in the cells. Does not require cellular energy. (Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis) |
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molecules move from high to low concentration |
passive transport |
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molecules move from low to high concentrations |
active transport |
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hypotonic |
the solution has a lower solute concentration than the cell so water moves into the cell causing plant cells to swell and animal cells to swell and burst |
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hypertonic |
The solution has a higher solute concentration than the cell so water moves out of the cell and into the solution causing the cell to plasmolyze |
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isotonic |
The concentration of solutes is equal inside and outside the cell so water moves across the membrane in both directions maintaining cell size |
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exocytosis |
things go OUT (exitcytosis!!) |
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endocytosis |
things go IN (INdocytosis) |
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diffusion |
movement from high to low concentration |
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a nucleotide does not contain |
an amino acid |
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stays in the nucleus in a eukaryote |
DNA |
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in messenger RNA each codon specifies a particular |
amino acid |
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the purpose is to reduce the ## of chromosomes to prepare cells for reproduction |
meiosis |
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the purpose is growth and repair |
mitosis |
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mitosis |
duplicates DNA, division of body cells |
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meiosis |
division of reproduction cells |
