Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
1) Which of the following wander through the interstitial fluid eating whatever bacteria and virus-infected cells they encounter and recognize?
A) erythrocytes B) megakaryocytes C) leukocytes D) macrophages E) interferons |
d Macrophanges are within the interstitial fluids. They eat bacteria and virus-infected cells that they recognize.
|
|
|
2) When you cut yourself, the damaged cells immediately release which of the following chemical alarm signals?
A) interferon B) complement C) histamine D) antihistamine E) anti-interferon |
c histomine is the chemical alarm signal released from damaged cells - when you cut yourself.
|
|
|
3) Which one of the following statements is false? A) Heavy, frequent exposure of the liver to alcohol can lead to cirrhosis. B) An alcoholic is more likely to have an increased ability to break down toxins. C) Alcoholics are more likely to suffer from cancer. D) Alcoholism can lead to diabetes. E) About 25,000 Americans die each year from alcohol-related cirrhosis of the liver.
|
b an alcoholic is less likely able to break down toxins
|
|
|
4) Which of the following choices does not pair an endocrine gland or hormone with an aspect of metabolism that it regulates? A) parathyroid blood calcium levels B) pancreas blood glucose levels C) insulin blood glucose levels D) oxytocin blood potassium levels E) ovary female sexual characteristics
|
d oxytocin and blood potassium level are not a pair of endocrine gland homormones
|
|
|
5) Which gland exerts primary control over the concentration of sugar in the blood? A) liver B) pituitary C) pineal D) pancreas E) parathyroid
|
d the pancreas exerts primary control over the concentration of sugar in the blood
|
|
|
6) Androgens stimulate all of the following except A) skeletal muscles in mammals. B) a low-pitched voice in human males. C) breasts in mammals. D) facial hair in humans. E) enlarged nasal cavities in male elephant seals.
|
c Breasts in mammals are not stimulated by androgens
|
|
|
7) Which of the following is a barrier that helps prevent more than one sperm from fertilizing an egg? A) the acrosome B) the jelly coat of the egg C) the sperm's plasma membrane D) the fertilization envelope. E) None of the choices are a barrier to sperm.
|
d the fertilization envelope stops multiple sperm from fertilizing one egg
|
|
|
8) Multiple sclerosis primarily involves A) destruction of the hippocampus. B) deterioration of the corpus callosum. C) destruction of the myelin sheath. D) destruction of regions of the motor cortex. E) deterioration of parts of the spinal cord.
|
c destruction of the myelin sheath occurs during multiple sclerosis
|
|
|
9) You are driving down a highway at night and quickly pass a car on your right. But as you look at the car to your side, it dawns on you that you can see the car but you can't tell what color it is. Your problem identifying the car's color is due to A) the poor ability of cones to function in low light. B) the poor ability of rods to function in low light. C) a reduced ability to focus in low light situations. D) the constriction of your pupil in low light situations, which reduces color vision. E) None of the choices are correct.
|
a the poor ability of cones to function in low light will allow you to see an object but not its color
|
|
|
10) Which one of the following structures is found in plant and animal cells? A) chloroplasts B) mitochondria C) a central vacuole containing fluid D) cell wall surrounding the plasma membrane E) All of the choices are unique to plant cells.
|
b the mitochondria is found in plant and animal cells
|
|
|
11) Most trees and shrubs continue to grow year after year. Such plants are known as A) transannuals. B) biennials. C) perennials. D) annuals. E) superannuals.
|
c perennials continue to grow year after year
|
|
|
12) A hot, dry summer will reduce crop yields in part because A) the stomata of the plants never open. B) too much carbon dioxide enters the plants. C) carbon dioxide uptake and photosynthesis are slowed because the stomata close more frequently to prevent excessive water loss. D) oxygen uptake and respiration are slowed because the stomata close more frequently to prevent excessive water loss. E) carbon dioxide release and respiration are slowed because the stomata close more frequently to prevent excessive water loss.
|
c carbon dioxide uptake and photosynthesis are slowed because the stomata close more frequently to prevent excessive water loss causing a reduction in crops
|
|
|
13) Fruit that forms on an unpollinated plant in response to a hormone will lack A) sepals. B) seeds. C) carpels. D) ovaries. E) the capacity to produce ethylene gas.
|
b sepals will not form if a fruit develops on an unpollinated plant
|
|
|
14) Why is the runoff from fertilized agricultural fields, even if free of pesticides, often harmful to the ecosystems of temperate lakes? A) Fertilizer compounds are toxic to fish. B) The runoff causes a surface algal bloom, which reduces the lake's oxygen by cutting off the sunlight and fouling the water with dead organic matter. C) The runoff raises the levels of inorganic nutrients in the surface waters to levels that are toxic for algae and other lake organisms. D) Runoff water pools at the lake's bottom, where the fertilizer compounds react with materials in the sediment to form toxic substances. E) The runoff is acid, and acidification kills key lake organisms.
|
b The runoff causes a surface algal bloom, which reduces the lake's oxygen by cutting off the sunlight and fouling the water with dead organic matter.
|
|
|
15) The major factor in tropical deforestation is A) hurricane destruction of large regions. B) governments of developing countries selling off land to earn cash. C) people clearing forests to open agricultural lands. D) governments clearing forests to build cities. E) natural succession as global warming occurs.
|
c people clearing forests to open agricultural lands is the major factor in deforestation
|
|
|
16) Several primates have been taught to communicate with humans using sign language. This supports the view that animals other than humans undergo what process? A) imitation B) cognition C) association D) trial and error E) classical conditioning
|
b
|
|
|
17) Problem-solving behavior is known to occur in some A) primates. B) dolphins. C) ravens. D) humans. E) All of the choices are correct.
|
e
|
|
|
18) From a sociobiological perspective, altruism is a behavior that A) does not have a genetic basis. B) has the potential to enhance the altruist's fitness at a later point in time. C) will always be selected against. D) occurs only in the social insects. E) can be viewed as a type of mental illness.
|
b
|
|
|
19) Which, if any, of the following statements about global warming is false? A) More than 180 countries, but not the United States, have ratified the Kyoto Protocol, a tough international global warming treaty that requires the most industrialized nations to limit or cut carbon emissions. B) Developing nations such as China have already started creating industries, power sources, and transportation systems that rely less on fossil fuels. C) A number of studies predict that global temperatures will increase by about 2°C by the end of the 21st century. D) A majority of scientists and world leaders have concluded that immediate steps to slow the warming trend are necessary to prevent catastrophic global change. E) All of the statements are true.
|
e
|
|
|
20) Sustainable development A) will require making difficult decisions regarding the environment and lifestyle. B) will require many humans to change their value systems. C) must be achieved if the human species is to survive. D) will require global, multinational cooperation. E) All of the choices are correct.
|
e
|
|
|
1. Biology is:
a. The study of science. b. The study of oxygen. c. The study of life. |
C the study of life
|
|
|
2. In a covalent bond:
a. One atom takes all electrons, another atom loses all electrons. b. All electrons disappear from the atoms. c. The electrons are shared between the atoms. |
c the electrons are shared
|
|
|
1. ____________ allow cells to move.
a. Ribosomes and smooth ER. b. The golgi apparatus and mitochondria. c. Cilia and flagella. d. Vacuoles and lysosomes. |
c cilia and flagella
|
|
|
2. ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) provides our bodies with:
a. Cholesterol. b. Energy. c. Chloroplasts. d. RNA. |
b energy
|
|
|
1. Anaerobic means:
a. Oxygen is needed. b. Oxygen is not used. c. Oxygen provides the energy for the cells to work. d. Oxygen is produced as the byproduct of the chemical reaction. |
b oxygen is not used
|
|
|
2. The alleles W and w code for wing shape in a species of fruit fly. The genotype Ww is:
a. Monozygous b. Paleozygous c. Homozygous d. Heterozygous |
d heterozygous
|
|
|
1. Which of the following is NOT a codon?
a. CAG b. GGC c. DNA d. UGG |
c DNA
|
|
|
2. DNA is cut and pasted using:
a. Enzymes b. Glue c. Alleles d. Cytoplasm |
a enzymes
|
|
|
1. Which of the following is not an example of natural selection?
a. The resistance of some insects to insecticides. b. The prevalence of malaria strains that cannot be treated with drugs. c. The appearance of a genetic mutation in an individual. |
c the appearance of a genetic mutation in an individual
|
|
|
2. Continental drift:
a. Is the slow movement of continental plates. b. Is the primary reason why mutations occur. c. Is the process when the continents are reduced in size due to rising sea levels. |
a is the slow movement of continental plates
|
|
|
1. Bacteria that are heterotrophs:
a. Can make their own food from carbon dioxide. b. Can make their own food from a combination of photosynthesis and carbon dioxide. c. Obtain nutrients from organic compounds. |
c obtain nutrients from organic compounds
|
|
|
2. Fungi are:
a. Always harmful to us and other organisms. b. Always beneficial to us and other organisms. c. Sometimes harmful, and sometimes beneficial. |
c sometimes harmful and sometimes beneficial
|
|
|
1. Animals are:
a. Autotrophs b. Heterotrophs c. Phototrophs d. Megatrophs |
b heterotrophs
|
|
|
2. Which of the following words does not describe a human?
a. Vertebrate b. Primate c. Prokaryote d. Ape |
c prokaryote
|
|
|
Bot flies
|
come to the surface for air and can be extracted with tweesers
|
|
|
Where does penicillin come from?
|
fungus
|
|
|
What helps the plant obtain food and water?
|
Mycorrhizae
|
|
|
Name one of Darwins main ideas
|
species change over time
living species have arisen from ealier life forms modern species arose through a process known as decent with modification new species arise by natural selection |
|
|
Give an example of artificial selection
|
pugs
|
|
|
Enable some prokaryotes to withstand and survive very harsh condition..
|
endospores
|
|
|
Humans and lizards are
|
endotherms
|
|
|
skin to earthworms
|
allows them to breathe
|
|
|
an animal that is bipedal has its foramen magnum located...
|
directly underneath the skull
|
|
|
where did the genus homo first arise?
|
africa
|
|
|
most animals are
|
invertebrates
|
|
|
what gave earth its oxygen-containing atmosphere?
|
cyanobacteria
|
|
|
humans and chimpanzees have a common ancestor that is now extinct
|
reflects our understanding of human evolution
|
|
|
leukemia is a cancer of the ...
|
white blood cells
|
|
|
give an example of coevolution
|
hummingbirds and tubular flowers
|
|
|
angiosperms
|
roses
|
|
|
seed dispersal
|
animal eat - expels
|
|
|
Lucy was a chimpanzee
|
short. africa.
|
|
|
capillaries
|
transport blood out to every every area of the body
|
|
|
a spider is not an insect
|
.
|
|
|
hydrobonds are found...
|
between lipids and water
between water molecules |
|
|
ATP
|
is produced in the citric and glycolisis cycles
|
|
|
GTAC
|
bases of DNA
|
|
|
Helium-3 is an isotope
|
2 protons, 2 electrons, 3 neutrons
|
|
|
Polar covalent bonds share electrons..
|
unequally
|
|
|
saturated fats...
|
have the MAXIMUM number of hydrogen atoms
|
|
|
Hydrolysis is the process that
|
breaks down sucrose into glucose and fructose
|
|
|
During pro phase...
|
chromatin condenses into chromosomes
|
|
|
chloroplasts are concentrated in the
|
middle portion of the leaf
|
|
|
nondisjuction during meiosis
|
creates 3 sex chromosomes
|
|
|
a gamete has ...
|
half the amount of chromosomes
|
|
|
DNA research depends largely on...
|
e.coli
|
|
|
transcriptions means
|
exact copy
|
|
|
chlorophyll reflects green which is why
|
plants are green
|
