Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Photosynthesis equation
|
6CO(2)+12H(2)O--->C(6)H(12)O(6)+6H(2)O+6O(2)
|
|
Photosynthesis is dependent on what?
|
light and chlorophyll
|
|
Photosynthesis converts ___ to ___
|
-carbon dioxide and water
-sugar, water, and oxygen |
|
After photosynthesis, oxygen is ___ and sugar is ___
|
-released to the environment
-stored as starch, a polysaccharide |
|
In the photosynthesis equation, water molecules from the left side ___
|
split to release electrons during the photochemical reactions
|
|
In the photosynthesis equation, product water molecules ___
|
are assembled from hydrogen and oxygen released during the photochemical and biochemical reactions
|
|
names for biochemical reactions
|
-Calvin Cycle
-dark reactions |
|
characteristics of photochemical reactions
|
-fast(practically instantaneous)
-light-dependent -splits water to release oxygen, electrons, and protons |
|
characteristics of biochemical reactions
|
-slower than photochemical, but still extremely fast
-light-independent -converts(fixes) carbon dioxide to sugar |
|
a substance that absorbs light
|
pigment
|
|
the primary photosynthetic pigments that absorb light for photosynthesis
|
chlorophylls a and b
|
|
pigments that absorb light and transfer energy to chlorophyll a
|
accessory pigments (carotenes, xanthophylls)
|
|
how does paper chromatography work?
|
pg. 126
|
|
a technique for separating dissolved compounds such as chlorophyll, carotene, and xanthophyll
|
paper chromatography
|
|
what are the colors of the pigments on chromatography paper?
|
chlorophyll a:blue-green
chlorophyll b:yellow-grean carotenes:yellow xanthophylls:yellow-orange |
|
the pigments that move higher are ___ to the chromatography solvent in terms of ___
|
-more similar
-molecular size, polarity, and solubility |
|
pigments absorbed strongly move ___
|
slowly
|
|
pigments absorbed weakly move ___
|
fast
|
|
what is chromatography paper made of?
|
cellulose
|
|
Definition of Rf value
|
ratio of distance moved by pigment to distance from point of origin to solvent front
|
|
order pigments on solubility in chromatography solvent (least->greatest). Which had the highest Rf value? Why?
|
-Chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a, xanthophyll, carotene
-carotene had highest Rf value because it moved the easiest/farthest |
|
If yellow xanthophylls were in the extract, why did the extract appear green?
|
the amount of chlorophyll outnumbered the amount of xanthophyll
|
|
Is it possible to have an Rf value greater than 1?
|
No, movement will always be less than the solvent front.
|
|
what is an instrument that separates white light into its component colors?
|
spectroscope
|
|
light not visible in an extract has been ___
|
absorbed
|
|
colors on a spectroscope range from ___
|
red to VIOLET
|
|
In ___, the photon absorbed from the illuminating radiation excites an electron that is initially in the ground state to a higher state. This excited electron then falls to a lower level, but not immediately back to the ground state, emitting a longer-wavelength photon than it absorbed.
|
fluorescense
|
|
pH indicator
|
phenol red (phenol-sulfonphthalein)
|
|
phenol red turns ___ in an acidic solution and ___ in a neutral to basic solution
|
-yellow
-red |
|
When we added CO(2) to the phenol red, it turned ___. Adding a photosynthesizing plant caused it to turn back to its original color(___). Why did this happen?
|
-yello
-red -The plant used CO(2) for photosynthesis which made the solution less acidic. |
|
uptake of carbon dioxide equation
|
H(2)O+CO(2)<-->H(2)CO(3)<-->H^+^+HCO(3)^-^
water+carbon dioxide(breath)<-->Carbonic acid<-->hydrogen ion+bicarbonate ion |
|
what was the name of the plant we used to test the uptake of carbon dioxide?
|
elodea
|
|
the biochemical reactions of photosynthesis occur on ___
|
photosynthetic membranes
|
|
in bacteria, biochemical reaction occur on the ___
|
cell membrane
|
|
in plants and algae, biochemical reactions take place on the ___ which are located in the ___
|
-thylakoids
-chloroplast |
|
thylakoids are stacked to form columns called ___
|
grana
|
|
grana are held in place by ___
|
lamallae
|
|
this semiliquid bathes the interior of the chloroplast and contains the enzymes that catalyze the biochemical reactions
|
stroma
|
|
the production of starch requires ___
|
light and chlorophyll
|
|
what causes different colors on leaves?
|
different pigments/combinations of pigments
|
|
why do leaves change colors in the fall?
|
there is not enough light or water to use chlorophyll for photochemical reactions. the chlorphyll breaks down and what is left are orange and yellow xanthophylls and carotenes.
|