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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Fertilization
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occurs when the sperm and egg come together in the oviduct(fallopian tube) to produce zygote
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how hours following ovulation can egg be fertilized?
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12-24hrs
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cleavage
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fertilized egg to 16 cell stage
increase in cell # w/o growth (total volume is constant) result in progressively smaller cells with an increasing ration of nuclear to cytoplasm also increase surface to volume ratio thus improving gas, nutrient exchange has vegitable pole and animal pole -vegitable pole --many york and cleavage speed is low -animal pole --less york, fast cleavage speed and cleavage --many cleavage means small in size |
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fertilization steps
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fertilization in oviduct
-->(32hrs) zygote (in oviduct) -->(72hrs cleavage) Morula, solid ball of cells (in oviduct) --> (blastulation) blastula implantation and developmen occurs in uterus --> (gastulation) gastula, 3 cell layers:triliaminar -->(neurulation) neurula zygote to neurula density of cell inc |
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Ectoderm
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nervous system (brain and spinal cord)
epidermis lens of eye inner ears |
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endoderm
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epithelial lining of digestive track
respiratory track lungs liver pancreas |
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mesoderm
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muscles, skeleton, circulatory system
gonads kidneys blood heart |
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what occurs in ovary
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ovulation occurs
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what occurs in uterus
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implantation and development of blastula
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what occurs in oviduct (fallopian tube)
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fertilization and zygote stay in oviduct until it becomes blastula
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in humans and higher organism
blastopore becomes what? |
anus
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in lower organism blastopore becomes?
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mouth
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ferternal twins
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when more than one egg is fertilized
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identical twin
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result of indetermiate clevage
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placenta is responsible for?
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food
oxygen water waste |
FOWW
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in fetus, which contains lowest partial pressure of oxygenated blood
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Aorta
in adult Aorta has high O2 and low CO2 |
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chloron
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line inside the shell which surround amnion where placenta formation begin
gas exchange |
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amnion
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enclose the amniotic fluid
protect embryo from shock |
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yolk sac
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enclose yolk, blood vessel in yolk
transfer food to embryo |
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allantois
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involve in respiration and excretion
contain blood vessel to transport O2,CO2, H2O and Nitro waste |
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placenta
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receive oxygen and nutrients directly from its mother also remove CO2 and metabolic waste
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umbilical cord
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connected to placenta
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Fetal Circulation
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Blood is oxygenated in placenta.
deoxygenated blood in aorta blood is shunt away from developing lung by foramen ovale, ductus venosus and ductus arterioles |
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Foramen ovale
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connects the right arium to the left atrium in the fetal heart
purpose is to shunt blood away from the developing lungs |
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ductus arteriosus
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connects pulmonary artery to the aorta
purpose is to shunt blood away from developing lungs |
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ductus venosus
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connects fetal portal circulation to the placenta
shunt blood away from developing lungs |
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fetal resppiration
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is facilitated by the placenta and is made possible bythe fact the
fetal hemoglobin have higher affinity for O2 then maternal hemoglobin |
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Birth 1/3 stage
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cervix thin out and dilates
amniotic sac ruptures releasing amniotic fluid mild contraction |
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Birth 2/3 stage
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rapid contraction
birth of the bady cutting umblical cord |
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Birth 3/3 stage
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uterus contracts
explling placenta and umlibical cord |
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which of the developmental stage has the greatest nuclear to cytoplasmic material ratio?
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blastula
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when does the embryo first dfferentiate into germ layer
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gasturla
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what is determinate cleavage?
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determinate cleavage results in cells whose differentiation pathway are cearly defined, these cell are incapable of individually developing into complete organism
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ectopic pregnancy
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the embryo implants outside the uterus (ex. in fallopian tube)
in a normal pregnancy the blastula implants in the uterus |
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