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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Australia and Eurasia each have a mouse-like mammal, one a marsupial, the other a placental. This is an example of |
convergent evolution |
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If we were to discover beings on a distant planet that looked very much like us, it would probably be cited as an example of |
convergent evolution |
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Carbon 14 (14C) |
can be used to determine the age of organic material in a fossil |
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if the F2 generation illustrates a lack of fitness, this is an example of |
hybrid breakdown |
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hybridization and polyploidy led to the evolution of |
common bread wheat |
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the _____________ species emphasizes populations that share a recent evolutionary history |
phylogenetic |
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Darwin's idea was that all species arose through "descent with modification" like a: |
tree, showing the branching of species from each other |
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____________ occurs when distantly related organisms evolve similar adaptations to similar environments |
convergent evolution |
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Wood and bone fragments found intact in sediments can be accurately aged using |
Carbon-14 |
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Which of the following statements about the evolution of horses is false? |
the evolution of the horse is characterized by a smooth pattern of increasing size across species |
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Which of the following mechanisms could lead to allopatric speciation? |
all of the choices are correct: advancing glaciers, rearrangement of coastal islands by a hurricane, the shrinking of a lake, disconnecting it from other bodies of water, uplifting mountains |
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tetrapod digits are known to be |
controlled by genes that were present in the common ancestor of sharks |
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Which of the following is an important chromosomal alteration separating humans from other primates? |
humans have a diploid chromosome complement of 46 compared to 48 in other primates |
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the biological species concept relies primarily on the ability of individuals within the species to |
produce fertile offspring when mating with one another |
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an example of mechanical isolation would be |
two organisms that are pollinated by different insects |
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The function of the homeobox sequence of Hox gene is to |
all of the choices are correct: serve as a toolkit gene, encode a homeodomain that functions as a transcription factor, produce a DNA-binding protein that activates or represses a downstream gene, specify where on the body appendages will develop |
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The "sixth mass extinction" refers to |
the rapid loss of biodiversity due to degradation of the environment by humans |
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Which group of animals represents the surviving dinosaurs? |
birds |
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A paleontologist estimates that when a particular rock formed, it contained 12 mg of the radioactive isotope potassium-40, which has a half life of 1.3 billion years. The rock now contains 3 mg of the isotope. About how old is the rock? |
5.2 billion years |
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when geographic variation occurs among the members of a species, individuals |
may be mistaken for separate species |
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the fourteen species of finch native to the Galapagos Islands |
evolved from a single common ancestor |
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hybrid inviability occurs when |
a zygote formed by two different species dies as an embryo |
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what is the effect of a prezygotic isolating mechanism |
it prevents members of two different species from successfully conceiving a zygote |
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pigs have feet with toes that do not touch the ground. These are examples of |
vestigial structure |
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Which is likely result of a mass extinction |
create "empty niche space" that can stimulate radiation of surviving groups |