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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Purpose
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acetyl CoA in the mitochondrial matrix-->must be taken to cytosol
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1. Acetyl CoA + OAA-->citrate
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citrate synthase
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2. Citrate transported to cytosol via?
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Tricarboxylate transporter
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3. Once inside cytosol, citrate is broken down into?
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Citrate-->OAA + acetyl CoA via citrate lyase
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4. After acetyl CoA is in the cytosol it can be used for?
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FA synthesis
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5. Once acetyl CoA is in the cytosol, the OAA is used for?
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Reduced to malate-->transported out via Malate-ketoglutarate transporter
Or Malate --> pyruvate + NADPH NADPH used for FA synthesis Pyruvate transported via pyruvate transporter and with pyruvate carboxylase-->OAA |
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Formation of malonyl CoA is important?
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Committed step in FA Synthesis
Irreversible, requires ATP |
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Activation of acetyl CoA-->malonyl CoA
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Acetyl CoA carboxylase
Biotin carries Co2 group |
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The Fatty Acid Synthase Complex (FAS Complex)
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Contains all the FA synthesis enzymes except acetyl CoA carboxylase
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Acyl group intermediates are attached to the cofactor of ACP
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Phophopantoetheine group which provides a long arm that can reach all 7 enzymes.
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What enzyme is used to elongate FA?
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Malonyl CoA is the donor of 2C units
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Can we desaturate (introduce double bonds) beyond C9?
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No
So linoleic and linolenic acids are essential because they already have double bonds beyond this limit. |
