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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
State the 3 types of biodiversity |
Habitat Genetic Species (eveness and richness) |
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What is habitat diversity? |
The amount of habitats in an area |
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What is genetic diversity? |
The variation of allels (types of a gene) within a population of species |
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What is species diversity (eveness and richness)? |
Species Eveness is the abundance of each species. Species Richness is the number of different species |
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What is systematic sampling? |
When samples are taken in fixed intervals often across a long line. |
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What is opportunistic sampling? |
When the samples are chosen by the investigator / sampling whatevers there |
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What is stratified sampling? |
When a population is divoded into sub-groups/different areas in a habitat are identified and sampled seperately in proportion to their part of the habitat as a whole. |
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Give an advantage and disadvantage of opportunistic sampling |
It is simple to carry out Results will be biased |
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What does the "n" stand for in simpsons diversity index |
The number of organisms in 1 species |
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What does the "N" stand for in simpsons diversity index |
The total number of organisms |
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How can you tell a habitat has a high biodiversity? |
It will have a high index of diversity (close to 1) |
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How can you tell a habitat has a low biodiversity? |
It will have a low idex of diversity (close to 0) |
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Why is it important to have a high genetic diversity within isolated populations? |
To increase the populations adaptability to changes in the environment e.g. new predator, change in food soure, new desease. |
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Give an example of how zoos manage genetic diversity. |
By keeping databases with the details of each animal in the breeding program |
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How do humans affect biodiversity? |
Overpopulation Urbanisaion Habitat loss Pollution |
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How does climate change affect biodiversity? |
By changing environmental conditions |
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How does monoculture affect biodiversity? |
Habitat loss Loss of local plants/animals Loss of heritage varieties |
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Give ecological reasons for why maintaining biodiversity is important |
Protecting keystone species and maintaining genetic resources |
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Give an economic reason for maintaining biodiversity |
Reduces soil depletion caused by continuous monoculture |
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Give an asthetic reason for maintaining biodiversity |
It protects landscapes |
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What is in-situ conservation? |
Protecting a species in their natural habitat |
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What is ex-situ conservation? |
Protecting a species by moving part of a population from a thretened habitat into a new location. |
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Give examples of types of in-situ conservation |
Establishing protected areas such as wild life reserves and marine conservation zones |
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Give examples of types of ex-situ conservation |
Breeding organisms in caltivity (i.e. in zoos), and then reintroducing them into the wild and conserving organisms in botanic gardens and seed banks. |
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What is the rio Convention on Biological Dibersity (CBD)? |
An international agreement that aims to develope international strategies in the conservaion of biodiversity and how to use animal and plant resources in a sustainable way |
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What is the Convention of international Trade of Endangered Species (CITES)? |
An agreement designed to increase international co-operation in regulating the trade in wild animals and plant specimens |
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What is the countryside stewardship scheme (CSS)? |
A local agreement to conserve wildlife and biodiversity by promoting specific managing techniques to landowners (i.e. planting hedges) |