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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1.The type of evidence (studies) providing support for evolution include?
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-Molecular evidence
-Fossil evidence -Biogeographical evidence |
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2. A fossil is defined as any evidence of an organism from?
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At least 10,000 years ago
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3.Fossils may be?
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-From impressions left after an organism decays
-Formed as organic matter is replaced by minerals, turning to stone -Formed when plant resin or tar preserves the specimen -Casts from footprints that have filled with mud and then turned to stone |
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4.The fossil record is in many cases incomplete because?
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-The vast majority of organisms never left a fossil trace
-Many organisms rapidly decomposed after death - Many organisms were eaten after death -Many fossils are never discovered because of their location (buried deep in the earth) |
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5. The general approaches used by scientists to approximate when an organism lived are?
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Absolute dating
& Relative Dating |
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6. Relative dating is?
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Is usually based on the principle of superposition
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7.Absolute dating:
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Uses radioactive isotopes to estimate how old a fossil is
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8.Each radioactive isotope?
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-Emits radiation as it decays
-Has its own specific half-life -Decays at an unchangeable and characteristic rate |
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9.Carbon-14 is useful in determining the age of a fossil up to about?
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40,000 years ago
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10. Earth once consisted of a single large landmass and one ocean, the landmass is named?
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Pangea
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11.The fossil record indicates that at one time marsupials were common to both Australia and South America, but today most South American marsupials have become extinct. The most probable explanation for marsupials being common to Australia yet not very common to South America today is?
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Marsupials were able to flourish in Australia because of its isolation from other land masses
South American marsupials were displaced by placental mammals when a land bridge formed between North America and South America about seven million years ago Placental mammals are more fully developed than marsupials when born and therefore have a better chance of survival after birth |
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12. If similarities between two structures in different organisms reflect common ancestry, these structures are?
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Homologous
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13.If similarities between two structures in different organisms reflect independent evolution, these structures are:
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Analogous
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14.If a structure has no apparent function in one species, yet is homologous to a functional organ in another species, this structure is termed:
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Vestigal
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15.The fossil record is often incomplete, simply because scientists will never be able to discover some of the fossils that are buried deep in the earth.
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True
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16. The techniques used to study molecular evolution are based on the comparison of nucleotide and amino acid sequences among species.
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True
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