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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does the mycelium do?
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It excretes enzymes to break down polymers in dead matter then absorbs the nutrients.
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How do fungi obtain organic matter?
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From dead organic matter
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How are fungi and bacteria used for decomposition?
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Bioremediation: degrade contaminents in the environment
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What are four types of fungi?
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Mushrooms, mold, mildew and toadstools
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Why did the plant in the dark glow so tall?
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It was seeking light so it created a structure for height.
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What process do plants in the dark perform?
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Cellular respiration
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How does a plant in the light grow?
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It uses CO2 to make sugars.
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Where does photosynthesis take place?
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In the thylakoid membrane.
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Where is chlorophyll located?
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In the thylakoids.
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What type of chemical do chloroplasts contain?
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Chlorophyll
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What is the function of the phloem?
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It carries sucrose from the leaves to wherever it is needed in a plant.
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What is sucrose?
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The product of photosynthesis.
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What is the function of the stomata?
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The pore and guard cells used for gas exchange in leaves.
pore=holes guard cells=door to holes |
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Where does transpiration occur?
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In the stomata.
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How does water move up a tree through the xylem?
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Transpiration
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How is water transported from the roots to the leaves?
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xylem
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What is the role of the xylem?
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Transports water and some nutrients from the roots to the leaves
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What enters the Calvin Cycle and what happens to it?
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CO2 enters the cycle and is bonded to a 5-carbon sugar.
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What happens to the 6-carbon sugar in the Calvin Cycle?
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It's split to make two 3-carbon molecules.
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What are the ATP and NADPH needed for in the Calvin Cycle?
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To make intermediate carbon compounds from the 3-carbon molecules.
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What are intermediate compounds used for in the Calvin Cycle?
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To make sugar molecules.
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What is Rubisco?
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A very large enzyme.
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What is required for the first step of the Calvin Cycle?
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Rubisco
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When animals eat plants, how do they obtain the carbon atoms?
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When organisms eat plants tthey take in the carbon and some of it becomes part of their bodies through the processes of ingestion, digestion, hydrolysis, circulation to cells then dehydration synthesis.
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How do the plants obtain carbon atoms?
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Plants pull CO2 from the atmosphere and use it to make food (photosynthesis)
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How do the carbon atoms become apart of the plant?
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Carbon becomes part of the plant (stored food)= dehydration synthesis/biosynthesis
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What happens to the carbon molecules when plants and animals die?
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Most of their bodies are decomposed and the carbon atoms are returned to the atmosphere as CO2. When the decomposers are doing cellular respiration.
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What is the overall function of the carbon cycle?
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The same carbon atoms are used repeatedly on earth. They cycle between the earth and the atmosphere and between biotic and abiotic systems.
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How does a plant get its matter from the environment?
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It uses CO2 and water to make food.
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How does a plant get energy from its environment?
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The sun.
sun --> ATP light entergy --> chemical energy |
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What energy conversion occurs in photosynthesis?
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light energy --> chemical energy
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What are the two parts of photosynthesis?
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Light reactions and the Calvin Cycle
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How does ADP become ATP?
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ATP can be reformed by using energy to add a phosphate to an ADP molecule.
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How does ATP become ADP?
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ATP can be broken down to ADP which releases energy because a bond is broken.
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What is the definition of ATP?
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An energy carrying molecule of cells.
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What happens in the Electron Transport Chain?
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The electrons enter the electron support chain.
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What happens during the Krebs Cycle?
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A molecule of pyruvate enters the Krebs Cycle and is broken down into atoms and electrons.
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What is produced from the Krebs Cycle?
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Electrons and 2 ATP
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What is a waste product of the Krebs Cycle?
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CO2 is released
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How much ATP can glycolysis alone generate?
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36
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What occurs during glycolysis?
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One molecule of glucose is broken down to two molecules of pyruvate.
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What are the three steps of cellular respiration?
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1. Glycolysis
2. Krebs Cycle 3. Electron Transfer Chain |
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What is cellular respiration?
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A process by which glucose is broken down to produce usuable chemical energy.
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What are the products of cellular respiration?
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H2O and CO2 (water and carbon dioxide)
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What are the reactants of cellular respiration?
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food (glucose) and oxygen
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What are the products of photosynthesis?
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C6 H12 O6 and O2 (sugar and oxygen)
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What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
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CO2 and H2O (carbon dioxide and water)
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What is the formula for photosynthesis?
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6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6 H12 O6 + 6O2
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What is the formula for cellular respiration?
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C6 H12 + 6O2 --> 6H2o + 6CO2
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