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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
chemical digestion of carohydrates begins here
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mouth
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enzyme that begins the digestion of proteins
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pepsin
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produced by the liver, this emulsifies fats to make disgestion easier
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bile
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acid present in the stomach
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hydochloric
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tube between the mouth and stomach
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esophagus
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water and certain vitamins are absorbed here from undigested food
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large intestine
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wastes are stored here before expulsion
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rectum
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fingerlike projections which increase the surface area of the small intestine
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villi
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long, convoluted tube where chemical digestion is completed
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small intestine
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enzyme present in saliva
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amylase
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involuntary muscle contraction that move the food through the digestive system
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peristalsis
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in this muscular pouch, food is mixed with gastric juice
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stomach
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the name of the organisms during development
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embryo
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specialized structure in the wall of the uterus
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placenta
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a tube with a funnel- like opening
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fallopian tube
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wall of the uterus
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uterine wall
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connects the embryo to the placenta; contains blood vessels connecting embryo circulatory system to placenta
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umbilical cord
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in boith shelled eggs and mammals, a fluid- filled embryonic sac that surronds the embryo; provides a watery environment and protects the embryo
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amnion
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protects fetus; provides stable environment
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amniotic fluid
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the female reproductive organ
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vagina
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where fertilization takes place
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uterus
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part of the brain that controls some voluntary and involunatry movements
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cerebellum
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serves as a relay center between various parts of the brain and spinal cord
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thalamus
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helps control body temperature, blood pressure, sleep, and emotions
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hypothalamus
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nerves that make a bridgelike connection between hemisperes
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corpus callosum
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serves as a relay system, linking the spinal cord, medula oblongata, cerebellum, and cerebrum
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pons
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it connects the nerves of the peripheral nerrvous system with the brain. It also controls certain reflexes, which are automatic responses
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spinal cord
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it is the largest part of the human brain
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cerebrum
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it is a small gland attached to the brain. it controls the activity of a number of other endocrial glands
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pituatry gland
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they are the organs that produce urine
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kidneys
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the endocrine glands that secrete hormones that help the body deal with stress
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adrenal glands
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a tube that carries urine from a kidney to bladder
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ureter
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a saclike organ where urine is sotred before being excreted
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urinary bladder
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the tube that carries urine form the bladder to the outside of the body
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urethra
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the vessels that bring blood to the kidneys
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renal artery
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the vessels through which blood flows from the kidneys
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renal vein
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it is the outer region or layer of a plant or animal organ or structure
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cortex
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it is the middle region of the kidney
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medulla
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it is the inner region of the kidney
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renal pelvis
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vessels which carry blood away from the heart
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arteries
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vessels which carry blood toward the heart
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veins
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tiny blood vessels with walls that are only one cell thick
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capillaries
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thick wall that divides the heart into two sides
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septum
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upper chambers of the heart that receive blood
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atrium
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lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out of the heart
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ventricle
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valve between right atrium and right ventricle
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tricuspid valve
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valve between left atrium and left vetnricle
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bicuspid valve
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valves found between the ventricles and blood vessels
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seminar valve
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membrane around the heart
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pericardium
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the only artery in the body rich in carbon dioxide
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pulmonary artery
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the only vein in the body rich in oxygen
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pulmonary vein
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area at the back of the throat where the mouth and nasal cavity meet
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pharynx
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the trachea divides into these righ and left branches
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bronchi
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opening to the windpipe
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glottis
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contians the vocal chords
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larynx
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tiny air sacs where the exchange of gases between air and blood takes place
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alveoli
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flat sheet of muscle separating the chest caivty from the abdominal cavity
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diaphragm
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inlfammation of the lining of the bronchila tubes
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bronchitis
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smaller branches of the bronchi
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bronchioles
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flap of tissue which prevents food from entering windpipe during swallowing
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epiglottis
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tube leading from larynx to bronchi
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trachea
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blood vessels surronding the air sacs
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capillaries
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moist membrane covering the lung
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pleura
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infection of the lungs caused by viruses, bacteria or fungi
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pneumonia
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bronchial spasm resulting decreased air movement and air trapped in alveoli
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asthma
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