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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Spasticity ("Clasp Knife") is a sign of what?
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Corticospinal lesion
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Rigidity ("Lead Pipe") is a sign of what?
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Extrapyramidal symptoms
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What is paratonia ("Gegenhalten sign")?
What is it a sign of? |
Increased resistance throughout flexion or extension
Extensive brain disease |
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Stereotypies
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Purposeless, restricted, repetitive behaviors
Often ritualistic Carried out at expense of all other motor activity |
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Catatonia
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Loss of volitional movement
1 motor sign - Catalepsy, Waxy flexibility, Posturing + 1 sign of catatonic withdrawal/excitement |
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Catalepsy
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Holding an awkward position for an extended time
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Waxy flexibility
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Passive resistance which gives way
Often followed by catalepsy |
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Posturing
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Assuming bizarre body stances
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Negativism
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Refusal to cooperate, even with simple requests
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Verbigeration
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Meaningless repetition of words or phrases
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Flight of Ideas
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Pressured, highly accelerated speech
"Racing thoughts" Still goal directed, BUT goal changes constantly Most often seen in MANIC patients |
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Circumstantial speech
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Associations can be followed
BUT, many unnecessary digressions Can be seen in OBSESSIONAL personalities Also, in some pathological states |
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Loosening of Associations
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Loss of goal-directed quality of speech
Most commonly seen in SCHIZOPHRENIA |
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Tangentiality
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Patient answers a ? with a response that is irrelevant
Specific example of a derailment |
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Clang associations
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Associations between words relies on similar FIRST syllables
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What type of patient often uses rhyme associations
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MANIC patients
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Mnemonic for Neurovegetative Symptoms
SIGECAPS |
Sleep
Interest in usual activities (anhedonia) Guilt Energy Concentration Appetite Psychomotor retardation Suicidal ideation |
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Do hallucinations involve an external stimulus?
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NO
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Most common type of hallucination
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Auditory
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Disorder to consider if olfactory or gustatory hallucinations
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Epilepsy
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Hypnogogic hallucination
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Upon falling asleep
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Hypnopompic hallucination
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Upon walking
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Pseudohallucination vs. Vivid thought
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Pseudo --> Inside of self, but "foreign"
Vivid --> Recognized as internal |
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Distinguishing characteristic of obsessions
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Experienced as intrusive and inappropriate
Cause marked anxiety or distress |
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Compulsions
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Repetitive behaviors
REDUCE ANXIETY assoc. w/ obsessions |
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Phobia
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Marked and persistent fear of specific objects/situations
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Three types of phobias
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Specific
Agoraphobia Social |
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Specific phobia
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Fear of clearly discernible circumscribed objects/situations
Stimulus is avoided |
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Agoraphobia
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Fear of places/situations in which escape might be difficult
Associated with PANIC DISORDER |
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Social phobia
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Fear that behavior in public will lead to embarrassment
Associated with autonomic response (sweating, etc.) Can become self-fulfilling prophecy |
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Most useful gauge of level of intelligence
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Vocabulary
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