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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Plasma makes up __ % of the total blood and is itself
___ % water. |
52 - 62%
91% water |
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The normal pH range of blood is:
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7.35 - 7.45, slightly alkaline
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Plasma carries many types of substances; ______ from the Gi tract to body, ______ products from body to kidneys, and _____ from endocrine glands to target organs. And antibodies.
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Nutrients
Wast Hormones |
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Plasma proteins include, clotting factors such as ____________ and __________ that are made in the liver and circulate until they meet damaged tissue and are activated to form a clot.
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prothrombin
and fibrinogen |
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The plasma protein that helps maintain blood volume by pulling tissue fluid into cappillaries is:
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albumin
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Red Blood cells are also called _________.
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erythrocytes
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What number of RBCs per cubic millimeter- volume of one droplet.
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4.5 - 6 million
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_______________ is the total blood cells measured by percentage of cells and plasma.
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Hematocrit
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Normal Hct (hematocrit) is _____ %.
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38 - 48
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The oxygen carring protein of RBCs are ?
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hemoglobin
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Each RBC contains about ______ million hemoglobin molecules, each of which can bind with ___ oxygen molecules.
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300
4 |
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Normal range of hemoglobin is _______ g/1--ml of blood.
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12 -18%
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The cells in the hemopoietic tissues that undergo mitosis to produce all the types of blood cells (mostly RBCs)are called:
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stem cells
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In a state of _________, the kidneys release erythyopietin which stimulates RBM to increase rate of production.
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hypoxia
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The extrinsic factor needed for DNA synthesis in the red bone marrow is ?
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Vitamin B12
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_____ factor: chemical produced by the lining of the stomach, it combines with ____ factor to prevent its deigestion and promotes absorption in the small intestine.
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Intrinsic
extrinsic |
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_____ acid and Vit. ___ are required for DNA synthesis in stem cells.
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Folic
B12 |
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RBCs live for only _____ days, then become fragile and are destroyed.
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120
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What are big eaters, found in the liver, spleen and RBM.
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macrophages
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_______ is part of the Hgb(hemoglobin) molecule that can't be recycled; it is released bile.
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Heme
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When old RBCs are destroyed, the converted waste product _____ is then excreted by the bile.
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bilirubin
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IDA (Iron Deficiency Anemia)
is lack of dietary ____. |
Iron (Fe)
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_____ Anemia is deficiency of Vit B12 or Intrinsic factor.
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Pernicious
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____ anemia is a genetic disorder, deforming RBC and this clogs capillaries and causes them to _____.
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SS (Sickle Cell)
rupture |
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____ anemia is caused by radiztion, or certain medications.
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Aplastic
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_____ anemia is any disorder that causes rupture of RBCs before the end of their normal life span.
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Hemolytic
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The red bone marrow produces ______________________.
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all the types of blood cells.
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Blood type refers to ________ present on the blood cells. These are inherited traits.
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antigens
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Type A person has A _____ and anit- __ antibodies.
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antigen
B antibodies |
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Type B person has ___ antigen and anti-__ antibodies.
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B
A antibodies |
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Type AB has A and B ______ but neither antibody.
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antigens
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Type O has ________ antigens, but anti-A and anti-B antibodies.
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neither A or B
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_____ factor is another antigen that may be found on the RBCs.
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Rh
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Rh positive = Rh factor is ______.
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present
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Rh ________ = Rh factor is not present.
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negative
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The Rh factor is an antigen thta is found on the RBCs of people who are Rh ________.
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positive
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Blood transfusion need to be of the same type and Rh of the recipient, or it causes _________.
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agglutination
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_________ is when RBCs clump together, then hemolysis- RMCs rupture.
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Agglutioination
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WBC (white blood cells) are also called ?
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leukocytes
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Normal WBC count is ______ thousand/mm3.
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5 -10 thousand/mm3
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WBC are classified in 2 groups; ___________ and ___________.
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Granular
Agranular |
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Granular WBCs are produced in the _______.
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RBM
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Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils are ________.
granular or agranular |
granular
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Agranular WBCs are produced in the _______________.
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lymphatic tissue of spleen, lymph nodes and Thymus and RBM.
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Lymphocytes and monocytes are ___________.
granular or agranular |
agranular
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A CBC shows percentage of each type of __________.
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leukocyte
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The WMCs that carry out most phagocytosis of pahtogens are the _______________.
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monocytes and neutrophils
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The WBC that detoxifys foreign proteins is _____.
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Eosinophils
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The WBC that has a natural response of histamine and herparin is the ___________.
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Basophils
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Lymphocytes are 2 types of cells, what are they?
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T cells and B cells
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___cells recognize anitgens and destroy.
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T
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____ cells produce antibodies, fight the next time the antigens come in.
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B
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_BCs may travel to seek and destroy pathogens.
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W
WBCs |
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Leukocytosis is: ____ WBC count and often indicate _________.
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high
infection |
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Leukopenia is: _____ WBC count and maybe caused by ______.
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low
disease |
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Leukemia is: ______ of leukocyte, _____production of immature WBCs.
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cancer
over |
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Thrombocytes are also called _________.
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platelets
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Thrombocytes are _________ of cells.
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fragments/ pieces
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Normal platelet count is _________/mm3.
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150,000 - 300,000
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Thrombocytopenia is ________ platlet count.
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low
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Some stem cells become megakaryoctes, which _________ that enter circulation.
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break up into pieces
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Platelets survive ________ days if not used first.
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5 - 9 days
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Vascular spasm, Platelet plugs and Chemical clotting are ways the platelets ____________.
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prevent blood loss/ hemostatsis
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_____________ - platelets release serotonin, constricts blood vessels and blood clot stops hemorrage.
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Vascular spasm
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____________ - seals breaks in capillaries.
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Platelet plugs
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_________________ - rough surface in a blood vessel, begins in 15-120 seconds, and faster with more damage.
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Chemical clotting
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A blood clot is made of ?
Clots are made of this thread-like protein called ? |
fibrin
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An abnormal clot that forms on a rough surface in an intact vessel is called ?
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a Thrombus
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A clot circulating in the blood stream that lodges in and obstructs a vessel is ?
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a Embolism
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_________ is genetic, sex-linked trait, blood can't clot due to deficiency of clotting factor 8.
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Hemophilia
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________ have nuclei when mature.
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WBCs
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_______ tells body to get more RBCs.
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hypoxia
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______- measures % counts RBC and Hct.
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CBC
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___, _____ and _____ are formed in hematopoietic tissues; red bone marrow and lymphatic tissue (spleen, lymph nodes & thymus gland)
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RBCs
WBCs Platelets |
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Globulins - made in liver and transports _____.
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fats
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