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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Louisiana Purchase
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the purchasing of 800,000 square miles of French territory west of the Mississippi River from Napoleon for $15 million by President Thomas Jefferson in 1803
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Monroe Doctrine
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enunciation saying that any attempt by Europe to extend their territory into North and South America would be considered hostile by American President James Monroe
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Maximilian
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Austrian archduke
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Roosevelt Corollary
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in case of wrongdoing on the part of any Latin American state, the United States claimed the right to intervene in that country and set its affairs in order
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Quebec Act (1774)
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permitted French Canadians the right to retain their language, law, and customs and to practice freely their Roman Catholic religion
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British North America Act
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created the Dominion of Canada, broadly expanding Canada's self-government
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James Cook
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explored much of the Easter coast of Australia, laying the basis for Britain's claim on the area
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Maoris
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native New Zealanders
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Boers
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Dutch colonists in South Africa
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Great Trek
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the Boer's migration northward, creating the republics of the Transvaal and the Orange Free State, which Britain granted independence
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Boer War (1899-1902)
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war between the Boers and the British, because British had overstepped its boundaries
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peninsulares
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Spanish civil officials
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criollos
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Spaniards born in the New World
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mestizos
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those of mixed Spanish and Indian blood
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Simon Bolivar
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led the struggle for freedom in north South America
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Jose de San Martin
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led the struggle for freedom in south South America with the support of Argentina
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Dom Pedro
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after declaring Peru dependent, they named him emperor
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caudillos
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Latin American military leaders
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imperialism
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the extension of power by one country over another country
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Battle of Plassey
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British forces defeated the Indian ruler in 1757
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Robert Clive
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led the British forces in the Battle of Plassey(1757)
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William Carey
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wrote the first Bible and tracts in the Indian dialects and was called "the Father of Modern Missions"
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Sepoy Mutiny
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when the native Indian troops of the East India Trading Company revolted, because they were greasing cartridges with sheep fat
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J. Hudson Taylor
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unwavering Chinese missionary
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Manchu dynasty
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closed all Chinese ports in an attempt to stop trading of opium, a dangerous drug, leading to a war which China lost, also crippling Manchu leadership
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Opium Wars
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war between China and Great Britain, started by China's Manchu leaders after trying to restrict foreign trade and ban the trading of opium, a dangerous drug
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extraterritoriality
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the principle stated that Westerners who broke Chinese law had the right to be tried in their own national courts rather than a Chinese one
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Sino-Japanese War (1894-95)
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a humiliating loss to the Chinese, since they had considered Japan an inferior nation
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1899
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members of Chinese organized secret societies that pledged to rid China of Western influence began to terrorize Westerners and Chinese Christians, considering Christianity a Western religion
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Boxer Rebellion
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uprising against Western influence in China, which became so serious that European and American troops were forced to intervene, extinguishing the rebellion and ending the Manchu dynasty
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Tokugawa
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family that had ruled Japan since the beginning of the seventeenth century to the late eighteenth century
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Matthew Perry
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a U.S. naval commander sailed into Edo Bay (now Tokyo Bay) with a small fleet, asking for open trade with Japan, which they later agreed to, signing their first treaty in history with a Western nation
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Treaty of Kanagawa
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first treaty Japan had ever made with a Western nation, reluctantly forcing Japan into open trade with America
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Meiji Period
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transformed Japan from a feudal society to a major industrial power and the first industrial nation in Asia
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Russo-Japanese War (1904-05)
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Japan defeated the supposed mightier Russian power over land and sea, shocking the Western powers
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culture system
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required Dutch natives to use one-fifth of their land and one fifth of their time to grow crops for the Dutch
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Mary Slessor
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daughter of drunk and a God-fearing woman, she went to be a missionary in Africa, saving countless lives physically and spiritually and becoming the "queen" of a cannibal tribe, which she turned into a thriving Christian community
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David Livingstone
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originally planning to be a medical missionary in China, he was instead lead to Africa , ending their slave trade and bring them to the Lord; he lived there for so long that Great Britain sent an explorer to see if he was still alive
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Henry Stanley
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hired by Great Britain to go to Africa and see if David Livingston was still alive, sending back of his amazing endeavors
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Cecil John Rhodes
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directed British imperialism in Africa, granting him the title "the Empire Builder"
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Foreign Legion
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an elite army group that would figure prominently in the history of French imperialism established by King Louis Philippe
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Leopold II
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Belgian king who sent explorers into Africa to claim as much land as they could, but this land was eventually put under government control, because of his abusive treatment to the natives
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Karl Peters
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German explorer who claimed, among other places, German East Africa (modern Tanzania), preventing the British from having an uninterrupted stretch of territory from the Cape to Cairo
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Anglo-Russian Entente
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agreement that divided Persia (Iran) into three separate territories, temporarily ending the dispute between the British and Russia
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List four possessions outside North America that the United States controlled by the end of the nineteenth century.
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1) Hawaii
2) Puerto Rico 3) Cuba 4) the Philippines |
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What exploration was the basis for the English claim on Australia? What was unusual about the "settlers" there?
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James Cook; most of them were convicts from British jails
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What was Dutch colonists in South Africa called? What people did they fight for control of the mineral resources found in Transvaal and the Orange Free State?
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Boers; the British
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Define peninsulares, criollos, and mestizos.
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peninsulares - Spanish civil officials
criollos - Spaniards who were born and raised in the New World mestizos - people of mixed Spanish and Indian blood |
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Who were the two major leaders of South America's struggle for independence?
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Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín
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During what time period was the race among European nations for overseas possessions revived? What name was given to empire-building in which one country sought to extend its influence over another country?
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1870-1914; imperialism
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In what region of the world was it difficult for Western nations to establish Western culture? What form of control were they able to establish over that region?
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Asia; commercial or economic
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What was the immediate cause of the Sepoy Mutiny?
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the Hindu and Muslim troops objected to using cartridges they though were greased with beef and pork fat
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What is the name of the Chinese uprising that sought to rid China of Western influences?
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the Boxer Rebellion
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During what period of Japanese history was Japan transformed from an isolated, feudalistic society to a major industrial world power?
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Meiji Period
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What famous missionary opened the interior of Africa to the gospel message?
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David Livingstone
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What canal did Britain secure control of to protect her trade with India and the Far East?
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the Suez Canal
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What man directed Britain's imperialistic efforts in Southern Africa, becoming know as the "empire builder"? What was his goal for British imperialism in Africa?
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Cecil Rhodes; an uninterrupted line of British territory stretching from Egypt to the Cape Colony---"from Cape to Cairo"
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What European king personally an area in Africa seventy-five times larger than the size of his own country? What was that area called?
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King Leopold II; the Congo
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What congress of European nation in 1878 forced Russia to give up territorial gains in the Balkan region?
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the Congress of Berlin
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What were the major differences between the Northern and Southern states that led to the Civil War?
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the North was primarily urban, industrial, and opposed to slavery; the South was predominantly rural, aristocratic, and thrived off of slavery
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List six problems that Latin American countries experienced after gaining their independence.
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1) political instability
2) monopoly of land and wealth by few 3) powerful influences of the Roman Catholic Church 4) racial disunity 5) division among the Latin American countries 6) economic weakness 7) European and United States involvement and interference |
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List four motives that prompted Europeans to build oversea empires.
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1) the demands of industry for raw materials and new markets
2) intense nationalism between European nations 3) humanitarian concern 4) desire to take the Word of God to every land |
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How did the Russian method of imperialism differ from that of France and Britain?
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Britain and France sought overseas territories, whereas Russia only wished to expand her borders
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List two negative and two positive consequences associated with the imperialistic movement.
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Negative:
1) Europeans often exploited the people and wealth of the native populations for their own selfish desires 2) Westerners degraded native culture, considering their own superior 3) Westerners often divided or combined territory with little regard for native boundaries and loyalties Positive: 1) missionaries took the gospel to lands that had never heard about Christ 2) Westerners built schools, hospitals, and other buildings 3) also introduced railroads, industry, and technology |