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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Most important source of information about patient's condition is...
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what the patient can tell you
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Definition: Medical Patient
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a patient suffering from one or more medical diseases or conditions
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When the patient is awake and responsive, what do you obtain first?
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Patient's medical history
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What do you do after to finish the primary assessment?
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Secondary assessment
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Four parts of the secondary assessment
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1. HPI
2. Past Medical History 3. Physical Exam 4. Baseline Vital Signs |
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What to do for a primary assessment of a medical patient that is responsive? Unresponsive?
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Responsive: Assure Airway
check pulse and skin Unresponsive: ABCs, Suction, Adjuncts, Ventilate, Circulation |
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What do you administer in a primary assessment?
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OXYGEN
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1st step of secondary assessment in a responsive patient... unresponsive?
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Responsive- History first, then exam
Unresponsive-- Exam first, then history at a faster pace |
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What to you do after the physical exam and the history are completed?
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Baseline Vital Signs
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What do you do after you obtain the baseline vital signs?
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Transport
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What to you repeat or reassess during transport?
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Primary Assessment
Chief Complaint Check interventions Vital Signs |
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How often do you reassess or repeat for a stable patient? unstable patient?
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Stable- every 15 minutes
unstable- every 5 minutes |
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What does OPQRST stand for?
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Onset, Provokes, Quality, Radiation, Severity, Time
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List of steps taken for an unresponsive medical patient (4)
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Conduct a rapid physical exam
Baseline vital signs OPQRST Gather SAMPLE from bystanders or family |
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True or False: Interview family and bystanders before the patient about the patient history
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False. Interview the patient
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One major purpose of talking to the patient is to find out his
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chief complaint
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What type of questions should you ask medical patients?
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Open-Ended questions
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List of steps for Examination of a Responsive Medical Patient
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1. OPQRST
2. SAMPLE 3. Physical Exam 4.Vital Signs 5. Interventions and Transport |
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Definition of OPQRST
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Memory aid to get description of present illness
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Note:::: Onset- what were you doing when it started?
Provokes: What triggered the pain? Quality: can you describe it to me? Radiation: where is the pain? Does it spread? Severity: How bad is the pain? Time: When did the pain start? has it changed at all? |
...
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While taking a past medical history of a responsive patient, what should you ask?
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SAMPLE (but the S was part of the history of illness)
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When illness or other non traumatic conditions occur, there may be more than one system affected.
What could problems with the respiratory system affect? |
Cardiovascular system
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If there is a patient that is having difficulty breathing, you should inquire if the patient has what other two things? and what are these symptoms associated with?
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Fever/Chills, cough. pneumonia
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If a patient has an altered LOC, what two systems should you check out?
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endocrine and neurological systems
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Body System Exams: Where do you perform them on an unstable patient? Stable?
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Unstable- in the ambulance. stable- on scene
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What is the body exam(s) based on?
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The information you obtain in history
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What do you exam in a respiratory body exam? (3)
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Pedal and sacral edema
lung sounds pulse oximetry |
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What do you exam in a cardiovascular body exam? (8)
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Pulse
Skin Blood Pressure Orthostatic BP changes JVD Ankle Edema Lung sounds Oxygen Saturation |
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What do you exam in a neurological body exam? (2)
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Pupils
Mental Status |
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What do you exam in an endocrine body exam? (4)
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Blood Glucose
Skin Breath Odor Excessive Hunger, thirst or urination |
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What are 3 specific diabetic history things to look over?
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Oral intake
Medication History/Use Recent illness |
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GI/GU specific history (3)
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Input/output amount and frequency
Question or observe bright red or digested blood in vomit, urine, or stool Menstrual history and pregnancy where appropriate |
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Body system exam for GI/GU (1)
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Palpation of abdominal quadrants
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What is FAST? when is it used?
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Face- does one side droop? (ask to smile)
Arms- can they hold both arms in front of them? Speech- is it clear and understandable? Test- Oxygen Saturation in a neurological physical exam |
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What do you exam in a body exam for an allergic complaint? (5)
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Stinger
Hives Lung Sounds Face and Neck Edema Oxygen Saturation |
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When performing a physical exam for a responsive patient, where does most of the useful information in medical patients come from?
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History
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Since an unresponsive patient cannot tell you what is wrong, what kind of exam do you do?
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Rapid physical exam
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In addition to the rapid trauma signs of injury, what other signs may you look for in a medical patient in the neck area? (2)
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JVD and medical identification devices
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In addition to the rapid trauma signs of injury, what other signs may you look for in a medical patient in the chest area? (1ish)
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Presence and equality of breath sounds
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In addition to the rapid trauma signs of injury, what other signs may you look for in a medical patient in the abdomen?
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Distention, firmness, or rigidity
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In addition to the rapid trauma signs of injury, what other signs may you look for in a medical patient in the pelvis?
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incontinence of urine or feces
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In addition to the rapid trauma signs of injury, what other signs may you look for in a medical patient in the extremities?
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PMS, Oxygen Saturation, and medical identification devices.
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Most commonly used medical identification devices
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Medical Alert Emblem
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How many people wear an identification device in the form of a necklace or wrist or ankle bracelet?
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over 1 million
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What is on the bracelet?
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On one side- star of life emblem
on the other side- patient's medical problem and phone number |
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Note::: Remember to check the pupils of an unresponsive patient.
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.....
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2nd step in the unresponsive medical patient
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baseline vital signs
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3rd step in the unresponsive medical patient
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consider a request for ALS personnel
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4th step in the unresponsive medical patient
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take a HPI and past medical history
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6 questions to ask family, friends, or bystanders about the unresponsive patient
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What is the patient's name?
What happened? Did you see anything else? Does the patient complain of anything before this happened? Does the patient have nay known illnesses or problems? Is the patient taking any medications? |
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When gathering a patient history, what type of sticker should you look for? where? what does this mean?
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Vial of Life sticker. main outside door, closest window to the main door, or the fridge door.
This means that patient info and medications can usually be found in the fridge |
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Last step of the unresponsive medical patient
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Administer interventions and transport the patient
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