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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Myth of Amoral Business
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The idea that the view of ethics doesn't belong in business. People do not act morally or immorally but amorally. "business is business"
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Descriptive Ethics
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Consists of studying and describing the morality of a people, culture, or society. Compares and contrasts different moral systems, codes, practices, beliefs, principles, and values.
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Normative Ethics
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It seeks to uncover, develop, and justify the basic moral principle or principles, or the basic moral values, of a moral system found in a given society, and more generally and ideally in human society as a whole.
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Metaethics
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Deals with the meaning of moral terms, studies the logic of moral reasoning, analyzes hidden presuppositions and brings them to light for critical scrutiny.
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Hedonistic Utilitarianism
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the basic human values are pleasure and pain. Everything that people want, or need can be reduced in one way or another to pleasure or pain.
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Eudaimonistic Utilitarianism
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the basic value in terms of the calculus is happiness instead of pleasure.
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Ideal/Preference Utilitarianism
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maintains that what has to be calculated is not pleasure or happiness but all intrinsically valuable human goods, which include friendship, knowledge, and a host of other goods valuable in themselves.
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Hedonism
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the pursuit of pleasure
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Principle of Utility
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Base judgments on projected consequences. The greatest happiness for the greatest number.
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Pleasure/Pain Calculus
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way of maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain.
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Act Utilitarianism
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holds that each individual action, in all its concreteness and in all its detail, is what should be subjected to the utilitarian test.
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Rule Utilitarianism
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holds that utility applies appropriately to classes of actions rather than to given individual actions.
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Naturalistic Fallacy
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That which is good is necessarily good.
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Teleology
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An action is right or wrong depending on the consequences, or the end result.
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Deontology
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the study of the nature of duty and obligation.
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Hypothetical Imperative
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states that an action should be done if, or on the hypothesis that, one wishes to achieve a certain end.
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Categorical Imperative (1)
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Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law.
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Categorical Imperative (2)
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Act so that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in that of another, always as an end and never as a means only.
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Categorical Imperative (3)
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Act only so that the will through its maxims could regard itself at the same time as universally law-giving.
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Inclination
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A person's natural tendency or urge to act or feel in a particular way.
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Maxim
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A short, pithy statement expressing a general truth or rule of conduct.
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Perfect Duties
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Rigorous and inflexible duties that must be performed and performed to everyone.
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Imperfect Duties
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Duties that cannot be specified with the same precision or may not bind with the same rigor as perfect duties.
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Ethical Pluralists
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Philosophers who mix their ethical approaches.
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Ethical Monists
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Philosophers who only have one ethical approach.
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Ethical Egoism
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Perform actions that promote your own long term self interests.
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Principle of Justice
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Equals treated equally and people got what they deserved.
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Descriptive Transcultural Relativism
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Descriptive account of the way the world is.
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Ethical Relativism
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Normative description of the way the world should be.
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Ethical Subjectivism
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Reduces moral truths to subjective states.
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