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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Charged Coupled Device (CCD) |
Is the principle component that converts light (the optical image) into electrical impulses. Also called imaging device |
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Prime Lenses |
Lenses that have a fixed focal length |
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Zoom lenses |
A variable focal length that can be manipulated to change the focal length and therefore the angle of view. |
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Aperture |
The iris opening of a lens that can be manipulated to let more or less light into the camera. The iris is opened or closed in stages called F-stops |
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F- stops |
Stages by which the iris of a lens can be either opened or closed to let more or less light into the camera. Each stop doubles or halves the amount of light entering into the camera.
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The lower the F number? |
=The wider the aperture: more light into the camera in "fast apertures" |
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The higher the F number? |
=The smaller the aperture: less light in "slow apertures" |
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Lens speed |
How much light a lens lets through at its maximum aperture |
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Focal length |
Distance between the optical center of a lens to the front of the camera's imaging device at which the image appears to be in focus with the lens set at infinity |
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The longer the focal length? |
the narrow the angle of view |
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The shorter the focal length? |
the wider the angle of view |
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Zoom range |
The degree by which you can change the focal length (and therefore the angle of view) of the zoom lens during a zoom. Often expressed as ratio 10:1 or 20:1. Most commonly referred to as 10x or 20x
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Depth of Field (DOF) |
Range of sharp focus along the axis of the lens. The area in which all objects located at different distances from the camera appear in focus. The DOF begins with the object closest to the lens that appears in focus and ends with the most distant object to the lens that appears in focus as well. |
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Minimum DOF? |
Large Aperture, Telephoto focal length (narrow vista), Close camera/subject distance. |
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Maximum DOF? |
Small Aperture, Short focal length (wide vista), Far camera/subject distance. |
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Fisheye lens |
An ultra-wide angle lens that produces visual distortion to create a wide panoramic or hemispherical image |
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Field of View Terminology |
1- Long Shot (LS) 2- XLS (Extreme long shot) |
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Key light |
The main light source placed to one side of the camera and elevated to a 30 - 45 degree angle. Usually a spotlight.
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Fill light |
A softlight placed on the opposite side of the camera from the key light. Meant to fill in and soften the shadows created by the key light. Usually a soft light that should not create shadows of its own. |
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Backlight |
A hard light shining towards the camera from behind the subject. Meant to create separation between the background and the subject. |
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Falloff |
The speed (or degree) to which a light picture portion turns into shadow area
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Base light |
Even and nondirectional (diffused) light necessary for the camera to operate optimally. |
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Contrast ratio |
The difference between the brightest and the darkest portions in a picture (often measured by reflected foot-candles). The optimal contrast ratio for analog cameras is normally 40:1 to 50:1; which means that the brightest spot in the picture should not be more than 40 or 50 times brighter than the darkest portion. DTV can exceed this ratio. |
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Low Key lighting |
High contrast ratio used for creating a sinister and suspense filled mood. Used in police dramas. murder. mysteries etc. |
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High Key Lighting |
Low contrast flat lit scenarios that are used for sitcoms etc. |
