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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cardiovascular reserve and ability to compensate for blood loss is limited in older adults, especially if the pt is on |
Beta Blockers |
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Trauma definition |
Injury to the body caused by acute exposure to mechanical, thermal, electrical, or chemical energy
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Kinetic Energy formula |
Mass xVelocity^2 / 2
Consider - doubling the size of the object doubles the kinetic energy, while doubling the speed quadruples the kinetic energy
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Waddells Triad |
is a pattern of injury seen in pedestrian children who are struck by motor vehicles. The triad comprises: * fractured femoral shaft
mechanism of injury is an initial impact causing injury to the femur on one side (bumper injury) and the torso on the same side (fender or hood), following which the child is thrown, striking the head on the ground or another object and sustaining injury to the opposite side of the head |
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Low Velocity bullets travel at ____ fps Medium Velocity bullets travel at ____fps High Velocity bullets travel at ___fps |
Low Velocity bullets travel at 1000 fps Medium Velocity bullets travel at 2000 fps High Velocity bullets travel at 3000 fps |
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Hypothermia results in the following (pg719) |
1) Shifts in oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve, which impairs tissue oxygen delivery 2) Shivering, which increases oxygen consumption 3) Impaired platelet function causes coagulopathy 4) Increased blood viscosity 5) Myocardial depression 6) Acidosis |
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Afterdrop(in hypothermia)(pg721)
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decrease of core body temperature that occurs with redistribution of cold blood returning from peripheral tissues
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Hypovolemic Shock caused by... |
inadequate intravascular volume
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Cardiogenic Shock caused by... |
impaired ability of the heart to pump blood effectively
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Distributive Shock(including septic, anaphylactic, neurogenic) caused by...
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massive vasodilation and a resultant relative hypovolemia |
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Septic Shock(1/3 types of Distributive) caused by... |
massive vasodilation caused by mediators of the inflammatory process in response to overwhelming infection |
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Anaphylactic Shock(1/3 types of Distributive) caused by... |
massive vasodilation caused by release of histamine in response to severe allergic reaction
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Neurogenic Shock(1/3 types of distributive) caused by... |
massive vasodilation caused by suppression of sympathetic nervous system |
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Myocardial Depression occurs when MAP <_____, causing myocardial ischemia |
Myocardial Depression occurs when MAP <60, causing myocardial ischemia |
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Metabolic acidosis occurs since _____ is produced as a byproduct of _____ metabolism and accumulates in the blood. (pg724) |
Metabolic acidosis occurs since lactic acid is produced as a byproduct of anaerobic metabolism and accumulates in the blood. |
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Loss of autoregulation and brain ischemia occur when cerebral perfusion pressure is <_____ mm Hg (pg724) |
Loss of autoregulation and brain ischemia occur when cerebral perfusion pressure is <50 mm Hg |
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Compensatory stage of shock BP changes(pg725) |
Systolic stays the same while diastolic increases, resulting in a decreased pulse pressure
DBP is a reflection of arterial elasticity. The vasoconstriction caused by the SNS causes an elevation in DBP. |
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In Shock hyperglycemia is related to ____ and ____ ____ and occurs in patients without a dx of diabetes. Goal is serum glucose <____mg/dl (pg 730) |
In Shock hyperglycemia is related to stress and insulin resistance and occurs in patients without a dx of diabetes. Goal is serum glucose <150mg/dl |
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Class I Hemorrhagic Shock |
<15%, <750ml Pulse pressure = widened or normal Slightly anxious
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Class II Hemorrhagic Shock |
15-30%, 750-1500ml HR >100 Pulse pressure = narrowed Ventilatory rate = 20-30 Skin = cool, pale |
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Class III Hemorrhagic Shock |
30-40%, 1500-2000 HR>120 BP decreased Pulse pressure = narrowed Ventilatory rate = 30-40 Skin = cool,moist pale Anxious, confused |
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Class IV Hemorrhagic Shock(pg 732) |
>40%, >2000ml HR <140 BP decreased Pulse Pressure narrowed Ventilatory rate = >35 Skin = cold, clammy, cyanotic Confused, lethargy |
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Bacteremia (definition)(pg738) |
presence of viable bacteria in the blood |
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Sepsis (definition (pg738) |
systemic state generalized by the presence of invading microorganisms and their toxins in blood and tissues; SIRS associated with infection |
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Severe Sepsis(definition) (pg738) |
sepsis associated with organ dysfunction, hypoperfusion, or hypotension
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Septic Shock (definition) (pg738) |
shock resulting from massive vasodilation caused by release of mediators of the inflammatory process in overwhelming infection.
Sepsis with hypotension despite adequate fluid resuscitation along with presence of perfusion abnormalities. |
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Severe Sepsis clinical presentation (pg738+740) |
HR >90bpm Hyperthermia (>38c) or Hypothermia (<36c) RR >20 or Paco2 <32 WBC >12,000 or <4000 or >10% bands evidence of at least one organ dysfunction(ie AMS, or oliguria with increased creatinine) |