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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who is a personal trainer?
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An individual who educates and trains clients in the performance of safe and appropriate exercises to effectively lead their clients to optimal health.
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What percentage of Americans remain sedentary?
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What percentage of Americans remain sedentary?
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List eight areas of knowledge a personal trainer should know.
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1. Exercise Programming
2. Exercise Physiology 3. Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics 4. Assessments and Fitness Testing 5. Nutrition and Weight Management 6. Basic Emergency Procedures and Safety 7. Program Administration 8. Human Behavior/Motivation |
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Where does the energy come from that fuels our physical activity?
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Where does the energy come from that fuels our physical activity?
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What is homeostasis?
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Homeostasis is the automatic tendency to maintain a relatively constant internal environment.
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Define “metabolism.”
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Metabolism is the chemical process occurring within a living cell or organism that is necessary for the maintenance of life.
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List and define the two phases of metabolism.
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The two phases are anabolism and catabolism. Anabolism is the building up of compounds, and catabolism is the breaking down of compounds.
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What is BMR and how does it relate to our metabolic set point
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BMR is the “Basal Metabolic Rate,” it is the minimum energy required to maintain the body’s life function at rest whereas metabolic set point is the base rate that your body seeks to maintain. One is the minimum level, the other is the desired level.
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What is the relationship of a kilocalorie and a calorie?
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The kilocalorie is a measured amount of energy released when food is digested, a calorie is a unit of heat. The kilocalorie is used because it is easier to work with compared to the calorie due to its size.
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What is the thermogenic effect?
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The thermogenic effect is the heat liberated from a particular food as not only a measure of its energy content but also its tendency to be burned as heat.
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What is the respiratory quotient?
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It is both a method of determining the fuel mix being used to give us a way to measure the relative amounts of fats, carbs, and proteins being burned as energy and a measure of the ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide expired to the volume of oxygen consumed.
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List at least five metabolic adaptations to endurance exercise
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1. Increased muscle glycogen storage capacity
2. Increased resting ATP content in muscle 3. Increased resting CP content in muscle 4. Increased cardiac output 5. Decreased body fat |
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List the adaptations to aerobic training.
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1. The body increases slow twitch fiber density which results in high energy production from fatty acids
2. Higher aerobic capacity 3. Increase in trained muscle capacity to effectively utilize fat, and increased blood flow 4. Greater development of slow twitch muscle fibers which results in more effective storing and transport of oxygen in the muscles. |
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List the adaptations to anaerobic training.
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1. Increase in the size/number of fast twitch muscle fibers
2. Increase in the tolerance to higher numbers of blood lactate 3. Increase in the number of enzymes involved in the anaerobic phase of glucose breakdown, called glycolosis 4. Increased muscle resting level of ATP, CP, creatine, and glycogen content 5. Increased growth hormone and testosterone levels after short bouts of high intensity weight training. |
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Define “ATP” and briefly discuss the three energy pathways to produce ATP.
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ATP, or Adenosine Triphosphate, is the molecule that stores energy in a form that can be used for muscle contraction. The three pathways for ATP production are the ATP/CP Pathway, The Oxidative Pathway, and the Glycolytic pathway.
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