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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Funktion |
En samling programsatser som "gör något" Ett C-program börjar med main-funktionen, vilken kallas då exekvering startas. |
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getchar() |
Väntar på att användaren ska trycka på Enter |
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return 0; |
Returnerar ett värde till OS. 0 betyder att programmet lyckats |
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Preprocessor directives |
A C program line beginning with # that provides an instruction to the preprocessor |
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Preprocessor |
A system program that modifies a C program prior to its compilation |
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Library |
A collection of useful functions and symbols that may be accessed by a program. Not defined directly by C |
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#include |
Gives a program access to a library |
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#define |
Associates a constant macro with a constant value |
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Constant macro |
A name that is replaced by a particular constant value before the program is sent to the compiler |
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Main function |
Every C program has a main function The body of the function is enclosed in braces |
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Declarations |
The part of a program that tells the compiler the names of memory cells in a program |
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Executable statements |
Program lines that are translated into machine language and later executed |
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Reserved word |
A word that has special meaning in C |
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Standard identifiers |
Have special meaning, such as printf and scanf. Can be redefined, but cannot then be used for its original purpose. |
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User-defined identifiers |
Can consist of letters, digits and underscores Cannot begin with a digit A reserved word cannot be used |
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Variable |
A name associated with a memory cell whose value can change |
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Variable declarations |
Statements that communicate to the compiler the names of variables in the program and the kind of information stored in each variable |
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Data type |
A set of values and operations that can be performed on those values |
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Int |
Integers. Faster operations than doubles Less storage space needed than doubles Oparations are precise Having unsigned variables increases their magnitude |
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Double |
Real numbers (decimal point numbers) Scientific notation: 1.23 * 10^5 written as 1.23e5 or 1.23E5 Round-off error may occur Float is a smaller decimal point variable |
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Char |
Represents an individual character value. Enclosed in single quotes |
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ASCII Code |
A particular code that specifies the integer representing each char value |
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Assignment statement |
An instruction that stores a value or a computational result in a variable = is the assignment operator |
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Input operation |
An instruction that copies data from an input device to memory, e.g. scanf |
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Output operation |
An instruction that displays information stored in memory, e.g. printf |
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Input/Output function |
A C function that performs an input or output operation Most common ons supplied through #include |
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the printf function |
Function arguments include a format string with placeholders and a print list |
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Placeholders for char, int, and double |
%c char. %d int. %f double (printf). %lf double (scanf) |
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the scanf function |
Takes function arguments including a format string and a print list including &-operators. |
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7.0/2.0 |
3.5 |
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7/2 |
3 (only the integral part) |
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% modulus |
Returns the remainder of the result of dividing the operands. |
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Mixed-type assignment |
The expression is evaluated before the assignment is made |
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Type cast |
Converting an expression to a different type by writing the desired type in parentheses in front of the expression |
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Unary operators |
Take only one operand Negation and plus |
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Binary operators |
Require two operands E.g. adding, subtracting |
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Rules for evaluating arithmetic expressions |
1. Parentheses 2. Unary + - 3. *, /, % 4. Binary +, - Binary operators at the same level are evaluated left to right. |
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Field width |
The number of columns to use for the display of the value |
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Formatting doubles |
%n.mf n = field width m = decimal places |
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Interactive mode |
A mode of program execution in which the user responds to prompts by entering data |
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Batch mode |
A mode of program execution in which the program scans its data from a previously prepared data file |
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Syntax error |
A violation of the C grammar rules Detected during compilation |
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Run-time error |
An attempt to perform an invalid operation Detected during program execution |
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Logic error |
An error caused by following an incorrect algorithm |
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Bussar |
Parallella ledningar i ett datorsystem. T.ex. bussar för data som transporterar information, bussar för adresser som talar om var i minnet saker ska ta vägen samt kontrollbussar som talar om på vilket sätt något ska ske. |