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97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Also known as degenerative joint disease. |
Osteoarthritis |
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Occurs when cumulative damage causes degeneration of the cartilage pad and erosion of the bone ends inside a joint. |
Osteoarthritis |
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Weightbearing Joints: |
hips, knees and lower back |
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Preferred first treatment for osteoarthritis because it relieves mild-to-moderate pain and does not cause stomach irritation. |
Acetaminophen |
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Medicine: Acetaminophen for Osteoarthritis |
Tylenol |
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Drugs used to treat osteoarthritis include aspirin |
Salicylate |
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Medicine: Salicylate For Osteoarthritis |
Aspirin |
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Oldest drug known to man: |
Aspirin |
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Manufactured as an enteric-coated tablet that does not dissolve in the stomach |
Ecotrin |
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Inhibit the production of prostaglandins to produce both an analgesic effect and an anti-inflammatory effect. |
NSAIDS |
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Have less of a tendancy than an aspirin to cause gastric irritation or ulcers. |
NSAIDS |
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Medicine: NSAIDS |
Advil & Motrin |
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Given to newborn infants intravenously to close a persistent patent ductus arteriosus, a part of the fetal circulation that normally closes after birth. |
Indocin |
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Drugs also used to treat animals: |
NSAIDS |
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Cats and dogs with osteoarthritis are given: |
Rimadyl |
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Commonly used in race horses to reduce inflammation, slang name is bute. |
Butazolidin |
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Drugs that selectively inhibit COX-2, an enzyme that normally plays a role in the production of prostaglandins that cause the pain and inflammation of osterarthritis |
COX-2 Inhibitor Drugs |
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Medicine: COX-2 Inhibitor Drug for Osterarthritis |
Celebrex |
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COX-2 drugs that were taken off the market because they greatly increased the risk of heart attacks and strokes. |
Vioxx & Bextra |
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Only COX-2 inhibitor drug that remains on the market. |
Celebrex |
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Secreted by the cortex of the adrenal gland, has a powerful anti-inflammatory action; has same inflammatory effect and are given orally to treat flare-ups; only prescribed to treat acute symptoms for limited time |
Corticosteroid Drugs
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Medicine: Corticosteroid drug for Osteoarthritis |
Celestone,Solu-Medrol, prednisone, & Kenalog-10 |
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Secreted by the synovial membrane of a joint and helps to maintain the slippery, thick quality of synovial fluid; is injected into the joint of a patient with osteoarthritis to improve those lubricating qualities of the synovial fluid. |
Hyaluronic Acid |
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Medicine: Other Drugs for Osteoarthritis |
hyaluronic acid |
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Where is hyaluronic acid deprived from? |
Combs of Chickens |
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Prescription drug that is categorized as a medical food product; contains concentrated plant antioxidants and the mineral zinc. |
Limbrel |
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Substance used to produce cartilage: |
Glucosamine |
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Medicine: Glucosamine |
Osteo Bi-Flex |
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Used to treat the pain of osteoarthritis. |
OTC Topical Drugs |
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Menthol is an ___________ drug. |
analgesic |
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A natural substance derived from chili pepper plants; makes the skin and joint less sensitive to pain by decreasing the nerve signals from the sensory nerves. |
Capsaicin |
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Medicine: Topical drugs for Osteoarthritis |
Aspercreme, Icy Hot, & Bengay |
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What do the oral combination drugs contain for osteoarthritis? |
salicylate drug, NSAIDS, antacid, and a prostaglandin
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Medicine: Combination drug for Osteoarthritis |
Arthrotec & Bufferin Extra Strength |
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Produces symptoms of pain, inflammation, swelling, joint deformity, and loss of joint function; is caused by an autoimmune response in which the body's own immune system targets and destroys cartilage, connective tissue, and joints. |
Rheumatoid Arthritis |
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Contain actual gold from __% to __% of the total drug. |
29-50% |
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Used to treat active rheumatoid arthritis; inhibits macrophages in the immune system from the attacking joints, but they cannot reverse joint damage that has already occured. |
Gold Compound Drugs |
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Medicine: Gold Compound Drugs |
Ridaura & Aurolate |
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These drugs prevents lymphocytes from making antibodies against joint tissues and they inhibit tumor necrosis factor; a substance that causes inflammation |
Monoclonal AntiBody Drugs |
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Medicine: Monoclonal Antibody for RA |
Humira & Remicade |
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An enzyme within the cell that triggers cytokines |
Janus Kinase (JAK) |
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Substances that are released by white blood cells during an autoimmune response and they produce inflammation |
Cytokines |
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Medicine: JAK Inhibitor Drugs for RA |
Xeljanz |
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Suppress the overactivity of the immune systems autoimmune response in patients with RA. |
Immunosuppressant Drugs |
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Blocks interleukin-1 from binding to receptors on cartilage cells and destroying cartilage |
Anakinra |
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Blocks tumor necrosis factor and suppresses the immune response |
Etanercept |
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Medicine: Immunosuppressant Drugs for RA |
Orencia, Kineret, & Enbrel |
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Metabolite of a naturally occurring fungus |
Cyclosporine |
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Immuno. drugs given to patients following organ transplants. |
azathioprine & cyclosporine |
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Used to treat malaria: |
Hydroxychloroquine |
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Chemotherapy drug used to treat many different types of cancer: |
Methotrexate |
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Has very long half-life; traces of this drug can still be found in the body six months after the last dose. |
Arava |
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Most people think of a bone as _____, ________ _______. |
hard, unchanging substance |
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Two types of bone cells are constantly at work: |
osteoblasts and osteoclasts |
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deposit new bone |
osteoblasts |
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break down and remove areas of old or damaged bone |
osteoclasts |
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A thinning of the bone at a cellular level: |
Osteoporosis |
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Inhibitor drugs that inhibit osteoclasts, and this decreases the rate at which bone is resorbed; AKA bisphosphonate drugs |
Bone Resorption |
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Medicine: Bone Resorption for Osteoporosis |
Fosamax & Boniva |
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What well known actress had an active lifestyle bu just prior to her 60th birthday discovered she had osteoporosis? |
Sally Fields |
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Tablets that are taken orally every morning, 30 minutes before eating: |
Actonel, Atelvia |
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Advertised as the osteoporosis drug that is the easiest to remember how to take: |
Boniva |
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Given as a single dose just once a year, but that dose must be given intravenously, which means a visit to the doctor's office or clinic: |
Reclast, Zometa |
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Drugs that bind to estradiol receptors on cells and stimulate the receptors in the same way that estradiol does: |
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator Drugs for Osteoporosis (SERM) |
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Medicine: SERM drugs for Osteoporosis |
Evista |
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What selective SERM drug was used to treat breast cancer: |
Tamoxifen |
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It was discovered that in patients who took ________ for breast cancer, there was a positive effect on the patient's bones. |
Tamoxifen |
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The female hormone secreted by the ovaries, inhibits the action of osteoclasts that break down the bone: |
Estradiol |
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Medicine: Estrogen Drugs for Osteoporosis |
Premarin |
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In the past hormone replacement therapy was commonly used for extended periods of time to treat the symptoms of ________ in postmenopausal women, with the secondary effect of preventing osteporosis |
Menopause |
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Is a parathyroid hormone drug that is used to stimulate new bone formation in patients who are at high risk for a fracture: |
Teriparatide |
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Medicine: Other Drugs for Osteoporosis |
Miacalcin |
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Derived from a salmon fish, can be injected or given as a nasal spray: |
Calcitonin Salmon (Miacalcin) |
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Medicine: Calcium Supplements for Osteoporosis |
Os-Cal & Tums Calcium for Life Bone Health |
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Medicine: Combination drugs for Osteoporosis |
Prempro |
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Conditions such as strains, sprains, and "pulled muscles," are treated with analgesic drugs and NSAIDS. |
Acute Muscular |
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Medicine: Skeletal Muscle Relaxant Drugs |
Soma, Flexeril, Valium, & Skelakin |
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Medicine: Drugs used to treat severe muscle spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, stroke, or spinal cord injury |
Zanaflex |
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A skeletal muscle relaxant drug, but it is best known as the drug used to treat malignant hyperthermia: |
Dantrium |
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A Schedule IV drug, is an antianxiety drug, not a skeletal muscle relaxant drug |
Valium |
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A disease in which specific, hyperirritable trigger points along the neck, back, or hips are firm and very tender to the touch. |
Fibromyalgia |
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Medicine: Fibromyalgia |
Aerofreeze, ethyl chloride, lidocaine, & procaine (Lyrica) |
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T/F: Osteoporosis is the thinning of bone at a cellular level and is most common among young african american women. |
false |
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T/F: In older people, the rate of bone resorption (breakdown) exceeds that of bone deposition (new bone) |
True |
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T/F: Many drugs used to treat osteoarthritis are also used to treat RA |
True |
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T/F: Because of the limited side effects of corticosteroid drugs, they are considered safe for the long-term treatment of osteoarthritis |
False |
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T/F: Gold compound drugs are effective in the treatment of osteoarthritis |
False |
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T/F: Gout is caused by the excessive production of uric acid, and it crystallizes within the joints, causing pain and inflammation |
True |
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T/F: Celecoxib is one of three different trade name COX-2 inhibitor drugs that are currently on the market |
True |
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T/F: Fosamax is an effective drug for treating RA |
False |
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T/F: When the generic version of a drug is available, it is less expensive than the trade name drug |
True |
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Which of the following is a bone resorption inhibitor drug? |
Fosamax, Boniva, Actonel, Reclast |
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Hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women has a secondary therapeutic effect of preventing osteoporosis, but may also increase the risk of ________. |
Breast cancer
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Which of the following drugs has no anti-inflammatory properties? |
acetaminophen |
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Which of the following COX-2 inhibitor drugs is still on the market today for treating osteoarthritis? |
Celebrex |
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Which of the following muscle relaxant drugs is also classified as a benzodiazepine antianxiety drug for treating anxiety disorders? |
Valium |
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Which of the following drugs effectively treats osteoarthritis in cats and dogs, yet has not been approved for human use? |
Rimadyl |