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106 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
fulguration |
Destruction of tissue using a high-frequency electrical current |
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genitalia |
The sex, or reproductive, organs visible on the outside of the body |
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gestation |
The length of time from conception to birth |
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glans |
Small, rounded mass or glandlike body; erectile tissue at the ends of theclitoris and the penis |
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lactation |
Production and release of milk by mammary glands |
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orifice |
Mouth; entrance or outlet of any anatomic structure |
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puerperium |
Time after childbirth that lasts approximately 6 weeks, during which theanatomic and physiological changes brought about by pregnancy resolveand a woman adjusts to the new or expanded responsibilities of motherhoodand nonpregnant life |
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viable |
Capable of sustaining life; denotes a fetus sufficiently developed to liveoutside of the uterus |
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amni/o |
amnion (amnioticsac) |
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cervic/o |
neck; cervix uteri(neck of uterus) |
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colp/o vagin/o |
vagina |
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galact/o lact/o |
milk |
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gynec/o |
woman, female |
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hyster/o |
uterus (womb) |
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mamm/o mast/o |
breast |
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men/o |
menses,menstruation |
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metri/o uter/o |
uterus (womb) |
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metr/o |
uterus (womb);measure |
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nat/o |
birth |
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oophor/o ovari/o |
ovary |
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perine/o |
perineum |
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salping/o |
tube (usually fallopianor eustachian[auditory] tubes) |
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-arche |
beginning |
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-cyesis |
pregnancy |
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-gravida |
pregnant woman |
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-para |
to bear (offspring) |
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-salpinx |
tube (usually fallopianor eustachian[auditory] tubes) |
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-tocia |
childbirth, labor |
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-version |
turning |
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ante- |
before, in front of |
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dys- |
bad; painful; difficult |
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endo- |
in, within |
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multi- |
many, much |
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post- |
after |
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primi- |
first |
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adnexa |
Accessory parts of a structure |
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atresia |
Congenital absence or closure of a normal body opening, such asthe vagina |
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choriocarcinoma |
Malignant neoplasm of the uterus or at the site of an ectopicpregnancy chori/o: chorion carcin: cancer -oma: tumor |
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corpus luteum |
Ovarian scar tissue that results from rupturing of a follicle duringovulation and becomes a small yellow body that produces progesteroneafter ovulation |
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contraceptive diaphragm |
Contraceptive device consisting of a hemisphere of thin rubberbonded to a flexible ring; inserted into the vagina together withspermicidal jelly or cream up to 2 hours before coitus so that spermatozoacannot enter the uterus, thus preventing conception |
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dyspareunia |
Occurrence of pain during sexual intercourse |
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endocervicitis |
Inflammation of the mucous lining of the cervix uteri endo-: in, within cervic: neck; cervix uteri(neck of the uterus) -itis: inflammation |
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fibroids |
Benign uterine tumors composed of muscle and fibrous tissue; alsocalled leiomyomas (myomas) and fibromyoma uteri fibr: fiber, fibrous tissue -oids: resembling |
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infertility |
Inability or diminished ability to produce offspring |
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hormonal contraception |
Use of hormones to suppress ovulation and prevent conception |
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oral contraceptivepills (OCPs) |
Birth control pills containing estrogen and progesterone in varyingproportions |
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menarche |
Beginning of menstrual function men: menses, menstruation -arche: beginning |
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oligomenorrhea |
Scanty or infrequent menstrual flow olig/o: scanty men/o: menses, menstruation -rrhea: discharge, flow |
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perineum |
Region between the vulva and anus that constitutes the pelvic floor |
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puberty |
Period during which secondary sex characteristics begin to developand the capability of sexual reproduction is attained |
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pyosalpinx |
Pus in the fallopian tube py/o: pus -salpinx: tube (usually fallopianor eustachian [auditory] tubes) |
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retroversion |
Turning or state of being turned back, especially an entire organ,such as the uterus, being tipped from its normal position retro-: backward, behind -version: turning |
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sterility |
Inability of the female to become pregnant or the male to impregnatethe female |
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vaginismus |
Painful spasm of the vagina from contraction of the musclessurrounding the vagina |
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abruptio placentae |
Premature separation of a normally situated placenta |
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abortion |
Termination of pregnancy before the embryo or fetus is capable ofsurviving outside the uterus |
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amnion |
Membrane, continuous with and covering the fetal side of theplacenta, that forms the outer surface of the umbilical cord |
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breech presentation |
Common abnormality of delivery in which the fetal buttocks or feetpresent rather than the head |
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Down syndrome, trisomy 21 |
Congenital condition characterized by physical malformations andsome degree of mental retardation |
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dystocia |
Difficult labor, which may be produced by the large size of the fetusor the small size of the pelvic outlet dys-: bad; painful; difficult -tocia: childbirth, labor |
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eclampsia |
Most serious form of toxemia during pregnancy |
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ectopic pregnancy |
Pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum does not reach the uterinecavity but becomes implanted on any tissue other than the lining ofthe uterine cavity, such as a fallopian tube, an ovary, the abdomen,or even the cervix uteri |
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gravida |
Pregnant woman |
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multigravida |
Woman who has been pregnant more than once multi-: many, much -gravida: pregnant woman |
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multipara |
Woman who has delivered more than one viable infant multi-: many, much -para: to bear (offspring) |
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para |
Woman who has given birth to one or more viable infants |
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parturition |
Process of giving birth |
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pelvimetry |
Measurement of the pelvic dimensions or proportions, which helpsdetermine whether it will be possible to deliver a fetus through thenormal route pelv/i: pelvis -metry: act of measuring |
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placenta previa |
Condition in which the placenta is attached near the cervix andruptures prematurely, with spotting as the early symptom |
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primigravida |
Woman pregnant for the first time primi-: first -gravida: pregnant woman |
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primipara |
Woman who has given birth to one viable infant, her first child,indicated by the notation para I on the patient’s chart primi-: first -para: to bear (offspring) |
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puerperium |
Period of 42 days after childbirth and expulsion of the placenta andmembranes, during which the reproductive organs usually returnto normal |
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amniocentesis |
Transabdominal puncture of the amniotic sac under ultrasoundguidance using a needle and syringe to remove amniotic fluid amni/o: amnion (amniotic sac) -centesis: surgical puncture |
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insufflation |
Delivery of pressurized air or gas into a cavity, chamber, or organto allow visual examination, remove an obstruction, or applymedication |
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insufflation tubal |
Test for patency of the uterine tubes made by transuterine insufflationwith carbon dioxide; also called Rubin test |
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colposcopy |
Visual examination of the vagina and cervix with an opticalmagnifying instrument (colposcope) colp/o: vagina -scopy: visual examination |
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laparoscopy |
Visual examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscopethrough one or more small incisions in the abdominal wall,usually at the umbilicus lapar/o: abdomen -scopy: visual examination |
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chorionic villus sampling(CVS) |
Sampling of placental tissues for prenatal diagnosis of potentialgenetic defects |
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endometrial biopsy |
Removal of a sample of uterine endometrium for microscopicstudy endo-: in, within metri: uterus(womb); measure -al: pertaining to, relating to |
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Papanicolaou (Pap) test |
Cytological study used to detect abnormal cells sloughed fromthe cervix and vagina, usually obtained during routine pelvicexamination |
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mammography |
Radiographic examination of the soft tissues of the breast |
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hysterosalpingography |
Radiography of the uterus and uterine tubes (oviducts) followinginjection of a contrast medium hyster/o: uterus (womb) salping/o: tube (usually fallopianor eustachian [auditory] tubes) -graphy: process of recording-gram: record, writing |
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ultrasonography |
Process by which high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound)produce and display an image from reflected “echoes” on amonitor; also called ultrasound, sonography, and echo. ultra-: excess, beyond son/o: sound -graphy: process of recording |
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ultrasonography pelvic |
Ultrasound of the pelvic region used to evaluate abnormalities inthe female reproductive system as well as the fetus in the obstetricpatient |
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ultrasonography transvaginal |
Ultrasound of the pelvic area performed with a probe insertedinto the vagina, which provides sharper images of pathologicaland normal structures within the pelvis trans-: through, across vagin: vagina -al: pertaining to, relating to |
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cerclage |
Procedure in which a nonabsorbable ligature is applied aroundthe cervix uteri to treat incompetent uterus, thus decreasing thechance of a spontaneous abortion |
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cesarean birth |
Incision of the abdomen and uterus to remove the fetus; alsocalled C-section |
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colpocleisis |
Surgical closure of the vaginal canal colp/o: vagina -cleisis: closure |
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conization |
Excision of a cone-shaped piece of tissue, such as mucosa of thecervix, for histological examination |
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cordocentesis |
Sampling of fetal blood drawn from the umbilical vein andperformed under ultrasound guidance |
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cryosurgery, cryocautery |
Process of freezing tissue to destroy cells |
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dilatation and curettage(D&C) |
Widening of the cervical canal with a dilator and scraping of theuterine endometrium with a curette |
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episiorrhaphy |
Repair of a lacerated vulva or an episiotomy episi/o: vulva -rrhaphy: suture |
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episiotomy |
Incision of the perineum from the vaginal orifice; usually doneto prevent tearing of the tissue and to facilitate childbirth episi/o: vulva -tomy: incision |
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hysterectomy |
Excision of the uterus hyster: uterus (womb) -ectomy: excision, remova |
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hysterectomy subtotal |
Hysterectomy where the cervix, ovaries, and fallopian tubesremain |
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hysterectomy total (complete) |
Hysterectomy where the cervix is removed but the ovaries andfallopian tubes remain |
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hysterectomy total (complete) plus bilateralsalpingo-oophorectomy |
Total hysterectomy, including uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, andovaries |
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intrauterine device (IUD |
Plastic or metal object placed inside the uterus to preventimplantation of a fertilized egg in the uterine lining |
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lumpectomy |
Excision of a small primary breast tumor that leaves the remainderof the breast intact |
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mammoplasty, mastoplasty |
Surgical reconstruction of the breast(s), sometimes augmentedby substances such as fat tissue or silicone to alter size and shape mamm/o: breast -plasty: surgical repair |
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mastectomy |
Excision of the breast mast: breast -ectomy: excision, removal |
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radicalmastectomy |
Removal of the breast and any involved skin, pectoral muscles,axillary lymph nodes, and subcutaneous fat |
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myomectomy |
Excision of a myomatous tumor, generally uterine my/o: muscle -ectomy: excision, removal |
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salpingo-oophorectomy |
Excision of an ovary and fallopian tube salping/o: tube (usually fallopianor eustachian [auditory tubes) oophor: ovary -ectomy: excision, removal |
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tubal ligation |
Procedure that ties (ligates) the uterine tubes to prevent pregnancy |