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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The second major category of therapies |
Biologically based therapies |
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These early methods were based on the assumption that the disorder was caused by some physical or supernatural invader in the individual's body |
Biologically based therapies |
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Includes a wide range of techniques that involve some type of physical treatment |
Biomedical therapy |
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It was readily embraced by the medical and psychological world because it seemed to be a quick and inexpensive way to treat psychological disturbances |
Drug therapy or chemotherapy |
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Those drugs that affect the brain or the mind |
Psychoactive drugs or psychotropic drugs |
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These drugs reduce anxiety and tension without causing drownsiness or a loss of mental alertness |
Antianxiety drugs (minor tranquilizers) |
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The most popular anti-anxiety drugs |
Valium and librium |
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Are also widely used in the treatment of anxiety states, and in larger dosages for ther relief of insomnia |
Barbiturates or "sleeping pills" |
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These are drugs that are used to calm and relieve schizophrenic patients of delusions and hallucinations so that they can be helped or treated by psychotherapy |
Antipsychotic drugs |
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Not only calm patients but also takes away a number of the specific symptoms of their condition |
Thorazine and stelazine |
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Have become known as Neuroleptics because they produce neurological side effects when used as major tranquilizers. |
Stelazines |
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He expresses bluntly a basic criticism on the use of drugs on hyperactive children |
Vogel |
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With the development of more effective antidepressant drugs, the use of _____ has declined |
Electroshock therapy |
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These are given to people who are suffering from deep states of depression. These drugs do not work equally well with all depressed individuals |
Antidepressant drugs |
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Also called electroshock therapy |
Electroconvulsive therapy |
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It was first developed in 1938 when there were no tranquilizing drugs and when people were not aware of some of the practical applications of other drugs (Vogel) |
Electroconvulsive therapy |
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An investigation found that depressed patients given shoch therapy showed brain changes ordinarily associated with the increased transmission of the brain chemical ____ |
Dopamine |
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They found that the shock brings about temporary memory loss, thus breaking the patient's pattern of disturbing thoughts |
Costain, et al., |
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The destruction or removal of brain tissue for the purpose of altering certain behavior (Holden) |
Prefrontal lobotomy |
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This operation involves cutting the nerve pathways in the two frontal lobes of the brain for the purpose of relieving the symptoms of people with schizophrenic behavior disorders |
Prefrontal lobotomy |
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Developed the technique "prefrontal lobotomy" |
Egas Moniz |
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A Portuguese psychiatrist who believed that people suffering from emotional disorders might be helped by destroying the connections from the parts of the brain that control emotions |
Egas Moniz |
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Hardly ever performed today because of the protest over their side effects and because the availability of powerful tranquilizing drugs |
Lobotomies |
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Therapy of last resort |
Lobotomies |
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A physician, who specialized in the diagnosis and treatment of abnormal behavior |
Psychiatrist |
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A specialist who uses methods and theories derived from Freud. He is either an M.D. or a psychologist who specializes in psychoanalysis |
Psychoanalyst |
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A Ph.D. in psychology who has served special internship in the field of testing and diagnosis, psychotherapy, and research. Administers and interprets psychological tests, conducts psychotherapy, and is also active in research |
Clinical psychologist |
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One who has earned an M.A. or Ph.D. anr has, had similar graduate training to that of the clinical psychologists but usually with less emphasis on research |
Counseling psychologist |
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Has an M.A. or an M.S. from a graduate school of social work as well as special training in interviewing and in extending treatment procedures to the home and community |
Psychiatric social worker |
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Has a special trauning in the understanding and treatment of mental disorders |
Psychiatric nurse |
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Are individuals without extensive professional training, experience or credentials who are trained to perform specific tasks under close supervision, that are typically in the domain of the professional. |
Paraprofessionals |