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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the idea that living things come from other living things.
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Biogenesis
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Before the 17th century, people thought that__________could occur.
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Spantaneous Generations
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disproved the idea of spontaneous generation and he allowed meat to decay in an open jar, then observed the maggots which appeared
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Redi
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invented the microscope and allowed many scientists to observe microorganisms.
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Leeuwenhoek
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performed an experiment to test spontaneous generation of microorganisms and concluded that broth became contaminated when microorganisms from the air entered the flask.
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Spallanzani
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Many scientists objected to his methods and claimed that he boiled the flasks too long and destroyed the “_________________” inside the flasks
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Vital Force
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performed an experiment that convinced many people that spontaneous generation does not exist and used a curved neck flask to trap microorganisms from the air.
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Pasteur
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It was recognized that all living things arise only from ___________________________ of the same type.
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living things
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The estimated age of the Earth is more than
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4 Billion Years
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Scientists have drilled deep into its many layers to establish a fairly complete picture of its ________________ history
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geologic
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Absolute Dating is the process of determining a computed ________________________
in archaeology and geology. |
numerical age
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Relative Dating provides only an ____________________________, not when they occur. __________________________________________ in rock is an example
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order of events
Fossil layers in Rock |
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Absolute dating Methods of establishing the age of materials include the technique known as _____________________ _____________.
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Radioactive Dating
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The length of time it takes for one-half of the sample of an isotope to decay is
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half-life
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The half life of carbon 14
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5,730 years
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Relative Dating. Most fossils are found in ______________________________ rock which forms at relatively low temperatures and pressure to help preserve the organism.
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mud,sand,and clay
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hypothesized about the origin of life on earth. He stated what the atmosphere of early earth was like
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Oparin
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tested the hypothesis by experimenting. He built a chamber that simulated early earth. In his experiment he was able to create simple amino acids which are the building blocks of life.
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Miller & Urey
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were probably the first organisms on earth
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Prokaryotes
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theory states that eukaryotic evolved from prokaryotic cells through a symbiotic relationship.
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endosymbotic theory
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is the theory that refers to an orderly succession that species change over time. Today’s species evolved from ancient forms of life.
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Evolution
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proposed that when organisms use a particular trait of the body, the acquired trait would develop in its offspring
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Jean Lamarack
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is the “father of evolution.” He pointed out that variations of body parts are inherited by DNA (not acquired by using or disusing)
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Charles Darwin
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which states that the most fit organisms in a species will live and reproduce (Survival of the fittest)
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Natural Selection
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convinced many scientists that evolution occurs by means of Natural Selection
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The origins the spieces
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are evidence of an organism that lived long ago
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Fossil Record
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The forelimbs of several vertebrates are all derived from the same embryological structures – this indicates a recent common ancestor
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Homologous Structures
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Different embryological development; Different internal anatomy
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Analogous Structures
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The more similar the more related.Has tails and gil slits
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Vestigial Structures
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similarites amongst organisms organism related have been indentified through DNA & marco molecule analysis itemoglobin
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Embryology
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Similarities in DNA is considered the strongest & most recent supporting evidence for the theory of evolution
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Biochemical Analysis
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the change of 2 or more species in close association with each other. Each of these species change to help out each other. (Long nose of hummingbirds with flowers)
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Coevolution Evolution
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when 2 or more species become dissimilar because they move to different environments. They must adapt and change in order to live in their new environment
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Divergent Evolution
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when 2 different species become similar because they adapt to the same kind of environment
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Convergent Evolution
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