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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are portals of exit? |
allow the pathogens to leave the body and are of interest in studying the spread of disease, i.e. nose, mouth, and urethra |
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what is direct contact transmission? |
transmission of infectious disease involves person-to-person spread by body contact. |
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what is indirect transmission? |
when pathogens are transmitted via inanimate object (called fomites) |
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what is droplet transmission? |
occurs when pathogens travel less than 1 meter in droplets of mucous to a new host as a result of speaking, coughing, or sneezing |
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what is vehicle transmission? |
involves airborne, waterborne, and food-borne transmission. |
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what is aerosol transmission? |
are clouds of water droplets that travel more than 1 meter in airborne transmission. |
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what are vectors? |
are animals that transmit diseases from one host to another. |
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what are biological vectors? |
not only transmit pathogens but also serve as hosts for the multiplication of a pathogen during some state of the pathogen's life cycle. i.e. mosquitoes, ticks, lice, fleas |
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what are mechanical vectors? |
they are not required as hosts by the pathogens they transmit: such vectors only passively carry pathogens to new hosts on their feet or other body parts. i.e. houseflies and cockroaches. |
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describe acute disease? |
develops rapidly but lasts a relatively short time. i.e. common cold |
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describe chronic disease |
develop slowly, usually with less severe symptoms and are continual or recurrent. i.e. infectious monomucleosis, hepatitis c, tuberculosis, and leprosy |
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describe subacute |
have durations and severities that lie somewhere between acute and chronic. i.e. bacterial endocarditis |
