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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
adsorbent agents
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drugs with the ability to adsorb gases, toxins, and bacteria
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antacids
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neutralize hydrochloric acid and raise gastric pH, thus inhibiting pepsin (a gastric enzyme)
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antiemetic
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drug that stops vomiting
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bulk-forming laxatives
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naturall or synthetic polysaccharide derivatives that absorb water to soften the stool and increase bulk to stimulate peristalsis
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calcium carbonate
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a substance that causes acid rebound, which may delay ulcer-related pain relief and ulcer healing
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chemical digestion
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the alteration of food into different forms through chemicals and enzymes
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emetic
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a drug that induces vomiting
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emollient laxatives
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substances that act as surfactants by allowing absorption of water into the stool`
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helicobacter pylori
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a bacterial species that is associated with several gastroduodenal diseases
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histamine h2-receptor antagonists
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drugs that block the action of histamine on parietal cells in the stomach, decreasing acid production
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lubricant laxative
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a substance, such as mineral oil, that works by increasing water retention in the stool to soften it
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mechanical digestion
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the breakdown of large food particles into smaller pieces by physical means
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peptic ulcer
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a lesion located in either the stomach (gastric ulcer) or in the duodenum (small intestine)
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saline laxatives
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substances that create an osmotic effect to increase water content and stool volume
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stimulant laxatives
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substances that stimulate bowel mobility and increase secretion of fluids in the bowel
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stool softeners
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substances that decrease the consistency of stool by reducing surface tension
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Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
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peptic ulceration with gastric hypersecretion and tumor of the pancreatic islets
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mouth
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-mechanical breakdown of food
-begins digestion of carbohydrates |
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pharynx
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connects mouth with esophagus
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esophagus
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pushes food to the stomach
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stomach
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-secretes acid and enzymes
-mixes food with secretions to begin enzymatic digestion of proteins |
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small intestine
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-mixes food with bile and pancreatic juice
-final enzymatic breakdown of food molecules -main site of nutrient absorption |
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large intestine
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absorbs water and electrolytes to form feces
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rectum
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regulates elimination of feces
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anus
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-contains involuntary and voluntary sphincter muscles
-the anus opens to the outside |
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salivary glans
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secretes sliva, which contains enzymes that initiate breakdown of carbohydrates
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liver
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-produces bile
-metabolizes foods -detoxifies the body -stores glycogen, iron, and vitamins A, D, and B12 |
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gallbladder
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stores bile and intorduces it into small intestine
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