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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Elements play an important role in _______ |
Respiration, nerve impulses, muscle contractions, etc. |
|
Cation |
Positively charged ion |
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Anion |
Negatively charged ion |
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Hydrogen Bonds |
Attractive force between electropositive atom of one molecule and an electronegative atom of another molecule. |
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Reactants |
Materials going into a reaction |
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Products |
Materials coming out of a reaction |
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Metabolism |
Sum total of the chemical reactions occurring in body cells |
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Inorganic compounds |
Do not contain carbon |
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Organic compounds |
Contain carbon |
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Example of inorganic compounds |
Water, salts, carbon dioxide, oxygen |
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Example of organic compounds |
Carbohydrates, fats, proteind, and nucleic acids |
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Properties of water |
High heat capacity, high heat of vaporization, cushioning, and reactivity |
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What is vital for homeostasis? |
Ionic balance |
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pH is regulated by? |
Physiological and chemical system buffers |
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Dehydration synthesis produces a ______ |
H2O |
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What's the main source of cellular fuel? |
Carbohydrates |
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What two sugars primary functions is energy source? |
Monosaccharides and disaccharides |
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What sugar has a primary source is storage of glucose? |
Polysaccharides |
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What sugar must be hydrolyzed prior to entering the cell? |
Disaccharides |
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What are the three main types of lipids? |
Triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids |
|
Triglyceride |
Glycerol with 3 fatty acid chains |
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Steroids |
Interlocking four ring structure |
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What's the most important steroid and why? |
Cholesterol and synthesis vitamin d, steroid hormones and bile salts |
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Nucleic acids |
Store and process information in the nucleus |
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Enzymes |
Lower the activation energy and increase the speed of reaction |
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PCO2 range |
35-45 mmHg |
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HCO3- range |
22-26 mEq/L |
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Normal pH |
7.40 |
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Normal PCO2 |
40 mmHg |
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Normal HCO3- |
24 mEq/L |
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Academia is when pH |
Falls below 7.35 |
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Alkalemia is when the pH |
Rises above 7.45 |
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Respiratory acidosis |
An increase in PCO2 |
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Metabolic acidosis |
A decrease in HCO3- |
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Respiratory alkalosis |
A decrease in PCO2 |
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Metabolic alkalosis |
An increase in HCO3- |
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What kind of proteins occur in denaturation? |
Globular by unfolding and losing functional shape |
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What kind of proteins occur in enzymes? |
Globular by acting as a catalysts |
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Exchanges between plasma and IF occur across ______ |
Capillary walls |