Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Dalton Atomic Theory |
1. Each element t is composed of tiny, indestructible particles called atoms. 2. All atoms of a given element has the same mass and other properties that distinguish them from atoms of other elements. 3. Atoms combine in simple whole number ratios to form molecules of compounds. 4. In a chemical reaction atoms of one element cannot change onto atoms of another element. |
|
|
Rutherford Nuclear Theory |
1. Most of the atoms mass and it's positive charge are contained in a small core called the nucleus. 2. Most of the volume of the atom is empty space, where negative electrons are dispersed. 3. There are as many negatively charged electrons outside the nucleus as there are protons in the nucleus, so the Atom is neutral. |
|
|
Charge |
Opposite charges are attracted to each other. Like charges repel |
|
|
Atomic Number |
The numbers of the protons and it is the letter Z. |
|
|
Isotopes |
Same element that had atoms with diff masses. The atomic number is the number of protons and the mass number is the protons and neutrons. |
|
|
Charged Atoms |
Ions: atoms gain or lose electrons, charged particles Anions: atoms gain electrons, negative charge (nonmetals) Cations: atoms lose electrons, positive charge (metals) |
|
|
Periodic Law |
When elements are arranged in order of increasing mass, certain sets of properties occur periodically. In the rows the masses increase from left to right and rows where elements with similar properties fall into the same vertical columns |
|
|
Metals |
Good conductors of heat and electricity, malleable, ductile, shiny, lose electrons 1A etc.. |
|
|
Nonmetals |
Upper right of periodic table (zigzag between boron to a stating Solids at room temp, poor conductors of heat and electricity, gain electrons. (Oxygen, carbon, sulfur)
|
|
|
Metalloids |
Lie on the zigzag line Semiconductors (silicon, arsenic, antimony) |
|
|
Noble gases |
Group 8A Unreactive (helium, neon, argon, xenon) |
|
|
Alkali Metals |
Group 1A Reactive (Na, Li, K, Rb). Hydrogen is not an alkali. These have low melting points, low density. Li forms red, Na forms yellow, K forms violet for the flame test. |
|
|
Alkaline earth metals |
Group 2A Reactive but not compared to alkali. (Calcium, Mg). High melting point and density. CA forms red, Sr forms red, and Ba forms yellow green during flame test. Forms oxides which are unstable which are basic |
|
|
Halogens |
Group 7A Reactive nonmetals (chlorine, bromine, iodine, fluorine). Diatomic. |
|