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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the five steps to data encapsulation in TCP/IP?
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1. Application has data to send.
2. Encapsulate at transport layer 3. Encapsulate at network layer, adding network addresses. 4. Encapsulate at data link layer, adding data link addresses. 5. Transmit the bits at the physical layer. |
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As opposed to the 7-layer model of OSI, the TCP/IP model consists of ___ layers?
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4
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What is the TCP/IP equivalent of OSI's network layer?
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Internetwork layer
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Which layers of OSI define functions focused on the application?
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Application, presentation, and session.
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Which layers of the OSI model define functions focused on end-to-end delivery of data?
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Transport, network, data link, and physical.
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Connectors, pins, use of pins, electrical currents, coding, and light modulation are part of different _____ layer specifications.
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Physical
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Data formats such as ASCII, EBCDIC, text, binary, and JPEG would be considered part of the _____ layer.
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Presentation
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The _____ layer defines how to start, control, and end conversations.
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Session
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The ______ layer focuses on issues related to data delivery to the other computer - for instance, error recovery, segmentation or large application data blocks into smaller ones for transmission, and reassembly of those blocks of data on the receiving computer.
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Transport
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The _____ layer specifications deliver data across one particular link or medium. These protocols are necessarily concerned with the type of media in question.
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Data Link
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SQL would be most accurately considered a specification of which layer of the OSI model?
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Session
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What is a mnemonic device for remembering the seven layers of the OSI model?
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Please Do Not Take Sausage Pizzas Away
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Depending on the context, Ethernet can be considered part of layer _____ or _____ of the OSI model?
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Physical, Data Link
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What is the distinction between the two lowest layers in OSI?
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Physical = physical network specifications
Data Link = control functions |
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What is the definition of PDU?
(not what it stands for) |
the bits that include the headers and trailers for that layer, as well as the encapsulated data.
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What does PDU stand for?
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Protocol data unit
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What does the term L3PDU stand for?
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Layer 3 protocol data unit
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Generally, each layer views what is sent to it by the above layer, including any headers, as
A. Intelligible information B. Raw data |
B
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What is the definition of the term "frame"?
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All the encapsulated data
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What is the definition of the term "packet"?
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includes the IP header but not any data link headers
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What is the definition of the term "segment"?
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includes the TCP or UDP header but not the IP header or data link header or trailer
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Match the terms frame, packet, and segment to the layers which use them.
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frame = data link
packet = network segment = transport |
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Order the terms frame, segment, and packet in order of least headers to most headers.
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segment, packet, frame
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Each layer provides a service to the layer _____ it.
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Above
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Each layer communicates with the _____ layer's software or hardware on other computers.
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Same
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What is the definition of multiplexing?
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where multiple analog message signals or digital data streams are combined into one signal over a shared medium
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A device that performs multiplexing is called a?
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Multiplexer (MUX)
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A device that performs demultiplexing is called a?
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Demultiplexer (DEMUX)
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a PDU can be described as ___ + ___
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PCI, SDU
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PDU = PCI + SDU
What do PCI and SDU stand for? |
PCI = Protocol Control Information
SDU = Service Data Unit |
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Protocol Control Information refers to what?
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The header which is added to data to form a PDU.
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Service Data Unit refers to what?
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The data to which a header (PCI) is added to form a PDU.
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A PDU of layer N forms the SDU of layer ___?
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N-1
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T/F A PDU of layer N does not include the header added by layer N.
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False
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What OSI layer typically encapsulates using both a header and a trailer?
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Data Link
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