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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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who is Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
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he is the man who accidentally discovered xrays on November 8 1895
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who was the first person to make practical use of radiographs in dentistry?
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C. Edmund Kells in 1896
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what is the process by which electrons are removed from electrically stable atoms?
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ionization
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what are the primary components of the xray machine?
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the tube head, the pid, and the extension arm
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define cathode
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the negative electrode inside the tubehead
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define anode
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the positive electrode in the xray tube
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where is the milliamperage selector located?
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on the xray machine control panel
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how much energy is lost as heat?
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99%
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what are the types of radiation?
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primary, secondary, scatter and background
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define radiolucent
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a structure that appears dark on a processed radiograph
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define radiopaque
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a structure that appears light on a processed radiograph
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what exposure factor controls contrast?
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kilovoltage peak
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density is...
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the overall darkness of a processed radiograph
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what systems are used to measure radiation?
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the traditional and the systeme Internationale
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the MPD for occupational exposure is...
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5 rems/year
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what is the purpose of the collimator?
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to filter the primary beam and to restrict the size of the primary beam
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what is the purpose of the aluminum filter?
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to remove low energy long wavelength rays
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what is the purpose of personnel monitoring?
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to record the amount of radiation the operator receives
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what is the purpose of equipment monitoring?
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to check for radiation leakage
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what does ALARA stand for?
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as low as reasonably acheiveable
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what is the pid used for?
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to direct the xray beam
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what is the primary type of radiation produced in the tubehead?
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bremsstrahlung radiation
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what does the insulating oil do?
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fills the housing and prevents overheating
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tubehead seal purpose?
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keeps oil in the tube head and acts as beam filter
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filament circuit purpose
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creates heat
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what is the difference between long wavelengths and short wave lengths?
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short waves are stronger than long waves
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Crystal size means what?
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film speed and sharpness of an image
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what structure will appear radiopaque?
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tooth enamel dense bone metal and restorations
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what structure will appear radiolucent?
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air spaces soft tissues abscesses decay and pulp
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what tissue has the highest radiation sensitivity?
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small lymphocytes
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what is an electron shell?
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the orbital path of an electron around the nucleus
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what do milliampere seconds control?
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the degree of density on the radiograph
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what is known as the heart of the xray machine?
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the xray tube
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