Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The common symptoms of vomiting are ________ and _________
|
The common symptoms of vomiting are HYPERSALIVATION and TACHYCARDIA
|
|
What is retching?
|
Non productive vomiting
|
|
What is projectile vomiting?
|
Projectile vomiting is spontaneous vomiting that does not follow nausea or retching
|
|
What are some causes of constipation?
|
-Neurogenic disorders
-functional or mechanical conditions -low-residue diet -sedentary lifestyle -excessive use of antacids, |
|
What are the 3 types of diarrhea
|
Osmotic diarrhea –i.e, lactose intolerant
Secretory diarrhea –i.e., cholera Motility diarrhea –common post GI surgery |
|
________ diarrhea –i.e, lactose intolerant
|
OSMOTIC diarrhea –i.e, lactose intolerant
A nonabsorbable substance in the intestine draws water into the lumen by osmosis (Hyperosmotic = attract water) |
|
_______ diarrhea –i.e., cholera
|
SECRETORY diarrhea –i.e., cholera
toxins, that causes secret ions into gut, attracts water |
|
________ diarrhea –common post GI surgery
|
MOTILITY diarrhea –common post GI surgery
(Over activity of the smooth muscle of the gut) |
|
What is Olestra?
|
Sucrose that has FA attached and tastes like FAT but adds no calories
|
|
________ diarrheas occur when bacterial toxins enhance colonic Cl-secretion
|
SECRETORY diarrheas occur when bacterial toxins enhance colonic Cl-secretion
|
|
What major symptom would you expect to see from a person that has cholera?
|
DEHYDATION!!!
(eyes even sink back!) (Do oral rehydration therapy to get them back!!) |
|
If someone was dehyrdated with cholera, what simple ingredients would you use to make a rehydration drink
|
water, salt, sugar/honey, bakingsoda
|
|
Which is more localized pain (parietal or visceral)?
|
Parietal pain
Pareietal pain comes from paietal peritoneum and is more intense than visceral pain that arises from the organs themselves |
|
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding includes which 3 organs?
|
Esophagus, stomach, or duodenum
has Melena = dark tarry stools |
|
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding
includes which 4 organs? jejunum, ileum, colon, or rectum |
Jejunum, ileum, colon, or rectum
has Hematochezia–bright red blood in stools |
|
What is bright red blood in stools called?
|
hematochezia
|
|
What is dark tarry stools called?
|
melena
|
|
What is blood in vomit called?
|
Hematemesis
|
|
What is occult bleeding?
|
source not obvious (neither upper or lower is distinguishable)
|
|
What is Dysphagia
|
Dysphagia is difficulty swallowing
|
|
What is Achalasia?
|
Denervation of smooth muscle in the esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter relaxation
(Ballooning at the bottom of the esophogus) |
|
What is visceral pain?
|
arises from a stimulus acting on an abdominal organ, its poorly localized (less sharp)
|
|
_______ dysphagia is caused by a neural or muscluar disorder that interfer with voluntary swallowing or peristalsis
|
FUNCTIONAL dysphagia is caused by a neural or muscluar disorder that interfer with voluntary swallowing or peristalsis
|
|
GERD is the reflux of ______ from the stomach to the esophagus
|
GERD is the reflux of CHYME from the stomach to the esophagus
|
|
If Gastroesophogeal reflux disease causes inflammation of the esophagus, it is called _________
|
If GERD causes inflammation of the esophagus, it is called REFLUX ESPOPHAGITIS
|
|
Conditions that increase abdominal _______ can contribute to Gastroesophogeal reflux disease
|
Conditions that increase abdominal PRESSURE can contribute to GERD
|
|
What are the manifestations of Gastroesophogeal reflux disease?
|
- Heartburn
- regurgitation of chyme - upper abdominal pain within 1 hour of eating |
|
What are the two hiatal hernias
|
Sliding Hiatal Hernia (Most common)
Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernia (Comes through a second hole of the diaphragm |
|
What is the most common hiatal hernia?
|
Sliding Hiatal Hernia
|
|
If you had the symptom of succussion splash and dehydration, what condition do you likely have?
|
Pyloric obstruction
|
|
In the condition of Intestinal obstruction, there (is/is not) an obstructing lesion
|
In the condition of Intestinal obstruction, there IS NOT an obstructing lesion
|
|
In the condition of Ileus, there (is/is not) an obstructing lesion
|
In the condition of Ileus, there IS an obstructing lesion
|
|
Small intestinal obstruction (does/does not) have vomiting
|
Small intestinal obstruction DOES have vomiting
|
|
Large bowel obstruction obstruction (does/does not) have vomiting
|
Large bowel obstruction obstruction DOES NOT have vomiting
(pain is lower in the GI than Sm. Intestinal obstruction) |
|
In intestinal obstruction, ________ obstruction is the failure of motility.
_______ obstruction is mechanical blockage |
In intestinal obstruction, FUNCTIONAL obstruction –failure of motility
SIMPLE obstruction –mechanical blockage |
|
What is the Inflammatory disorder of the gastric mucosa called?
|
Gastritis
|
|
Gastritis is the Inflammatory disorder of the gastric _______.
|
Gastritis is the Inflammatory disorder of the gastric MUCOSA
(acute gastritis has scattered red erosions) |
|
Which Chronic gastritis is more common?
|
Chronic antral gastritis
(not Chronic fundal gastritis because of gravity) |
|
How is Chronic funal gastritis caused?
|
Autoimmune attack
(Chronic fundal gastritis is cause from either NSAIDS or H.pylori |
|
What condition can NSAIDS or H.pylori cause?
|
Acute Gastritis
|
|
A break in the protective mucosal lining of the lower esophagus, stomach, or duodenum is called _______?
|
A break in the protective mucosal lining of the lower esophagus, stomach, or duodenum is called PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE
|
|
__________ are a type of peptic ulcers that extend through the muscularis mucosae and damage blood vessels.
|
TRUE ULCERS
are a type of peptic ulcers extend through the muscularis mucosae and damage blood vessels. |
|
__________ are a type of peptic ulcers thaterode the mucosa but do not penetrate the muscularis mucosae
|
SUPERFICIAL ULCERS are a type of peptic ulcers thaterode the mucosa but do not penetrate the muscularis mucosae
|