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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium through the ______ and ____. Blood then enters the ____
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superior, inferior vena cavity. right atrium.
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After blood enters the right atria, it passes through the ________ into th e________,
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tricuspid valve, right ventricle
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After going into the right ventricle, blood moves past the ________ valve and travels out of the heart through the ______ _____ to the ______
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pulmonary, pulmonary arteries, lungs
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After blood goes through the lungs. it picks up oxygen and returns to the heart in the __________ and passes through the _____ valve
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left atrium, mitral
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After passing through the mitral valve, blood moves into the ________. BLood moves through the ____ valve and then through the ______ to devliver oxygenated blood to the body.
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left ventricle, aortic, aorta
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What are the 2 functions of the heart:
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1. transport oxygen, hormones, and nutrients to the body
2. remove CO2 and wastes |
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the ____ node causes the atrium to contract
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SA
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the __ node causes the ventricle to contract
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AV
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Where is your carotid artery?
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on your neck
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Where is your jugular vein?
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in your neck
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The heart is a ____ organ that beats ____ times per minute.
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muscular, 72
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A tough saclike membrane called the _______ surrounds the heart and secretes a _____ that reduces _______ as the heart beats.
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pericardium, fluid, friction
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The ______ divides the heart in half and seperates the ____ blood from the ___ blood.
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septum, oxygenated, deoxygenated
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The function of valves in the heart is to prevent ____
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blood from flowing backward from atrai to ventricles.
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What are the two kinds of valves?
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atrioventricular and semilunar
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What are the two atrioventricular valves?
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mitral and tricuspid
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What are the two kinds of semilunar valves?
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pulmonary and aortic
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_______ valve - AV valve on right side
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tricuspid
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______ valve - AV on left side
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mitral valve
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_____ valve - the SL valve on the right side
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pulmonary
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______ valve - the SL valve on the left
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aortic
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_______ heart muscle that initiate their electrical impulses and contract
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SA node
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Why is a SA node called a pacemaker?
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regulates contractions of the heart
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What is the name of the node that helps the ventricle contract?
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atroventricular node
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_____ - blood pressure when ventricles contract
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systole
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_______ - blood pressure when ventricles relax, allowing blood pressure to close SL valves
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diastole
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How do you write blood pressure?
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systole over diastole
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_______ is the largest artery in the body. It carries ______ blood to all of the body parts.
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aorta, oxygenated
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______ - high blood pressure, leading cause of death in many countries
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hypertension
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_______ is the largest vein in the body. It carries ___ blood back to the heart.
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vena cava; deoxygenated
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Blood in the veins is under ___ pressure. Many veins pass through ____ ___ which helps aqueeze blood thorugh veins.
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less, skeletal muscle
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Veins have _______to help prevent the backflow of blood.
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valves
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__________ circulation is the movement of blood from the heart to the _______ and back again.
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pulmonary, lungs
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______ circulation is the movement of blood to _____ of the body except the _______.
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systemic, all, lungs
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________ circulation supplies blood to the _____ itself
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coronary, heart
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___________ - disease by fatty materials on the inside coronal artery. if blockage reduces flow, a heart attack occurs
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arteriosclerosis
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________ _____ - consists of vessels carrying cellular tissue to/from tissues to blood stream
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lymphatic system
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_______ - fluid in tissues of vessels that enters body tissues
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lymph
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_______ ______ - lymph passes through these on its way to the heart
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lymph nodes
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Blood is composed of a liquid called _________.
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plasma
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Blood solids consists of three thingsL _______, ______, and _______
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erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets
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Plasma makes up of ___% of blood and blood solids make up the remaining __%.
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55, 45
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A healthy adult has _____L of blood in their body.
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4-5
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______ is a sticky straw colored fluid that is about __ percent water.
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plasma 90
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Substances carried in plasma that nourish the cells include: ______, ______, _________, and ________
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vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and glucose
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Plasma carries wastes from the cells to the ________ and _____ to be removed from the body.
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kidneys, lungs
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Proteins in plasma are essential for the formation of ___ ____ regulating ___ pressure and helping the body fight off ______
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blood clots, water, disease
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__________ are vital to survival of the cells in all parts of the body because they transport ________
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erythrocytes, oxygen
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Erythrocytes are formed in the ___ _______ of bones, and formed with the RBCs in an iron protein called ______
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red marrow, hemoglobin
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___________ supports O and CO2 in the body.
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hemoglobin
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During the formation of RBCs its _____ and _______ disintegrate.
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nucleus, organelles
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Because RBCs do not have a nucleus, they cannot _____ or repair themselves and can only live for ________ days.
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divide, 120-130
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The blood cells that defend the body against diseases are called ___________ or white blood cells.
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leukocytes
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WBCs are formed in : __________, ________, and __________
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marrow, lymph node, and spleen
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WBCs are ____ than RBCs (3 things)
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larger, less plentiful, irregular shpaed
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WBCs can live for _____
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years
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What happens to the # of WBCs when you have in infection?
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the # increases
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________ are fragments of very large cells with many nuclei formed in marrow.
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platelets
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PLatelets lack ____ and last ______
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nuclei 7-11 days
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Platelets are essential in formation of a _____ ______, a mass of interwoven fibers and blood cells preventing excess blood loss.
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blood clots
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Important protein carried in plasma is _________
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fibrinogen
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5 Steps of Coagulation
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1. platelets float in blood
2. platelets disintegrate and release thromboplastin 3.thromboplastin reacts with calcium to form thrombin 4. thrombin changes fibrinogen to fibrin 5. Fibrin are thin; block RBCs, you get a clot called a scab. |
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Blood type is determined by the tpe of __________ present on the surface of a RBC
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antigen
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These ________ on RBCs act as signals which allow the body to recognize foreign substances such as _______ and _______ that enter th ebody
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anitigens, bacteria, viruses
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When foreign antigens on bacteria and viruses enter the body, cells respond by producing ________
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antibodies
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When 2 different blood types are mixed together, reactions occur b/w the _____ on the RBCs and the _____ on blood plasma. This reaction is called ________
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antigens, antibodies, agglutinate
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The three important human antigens are _______, ______, and _____
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A, B, Rh
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The ______ system is what we use to classify blood. It is based the type of antigen located on the surface of the ______
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A-B-O RBCs
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