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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Avogadro's number
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6.02 x 10^23
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mass percent of element
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(mass of element in compound)/(mass of sample of compound)
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strong electrolyte solution
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substance that completely dissociates into ions in solution
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solvent
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the majority component in a solution
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solute
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the minority component in a solution
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solubility
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the amount of compound that will dissolve in a certain amount of liquid
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electrolyte solution
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a solution containing a solute that dissociates into ions
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nonelectrolyte solution
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a solution that cannot conduct electricity
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mass percent
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(mass solute)/(mass solution) x 100%
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molarity(M)
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(moles solute)/(liters solution)
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molality(m)
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moles solute/kilograms solvent
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Freezing Point Depression
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ΔTf = m x Kf
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Boiling Point Elevation
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ΔTb = m x Kb
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osmosis
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the flow of solvent from a less concentrated solution to a more concentrated solution
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semipermeable membrane
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a membrane that selectively allows some substances to pass through but not others
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osmotic pressure
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the pressure required to stop the osmotic flow
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carboxylic acid
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an acid containing COOH
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alkaloids
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organic bases found in plants
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the Arrhenius Definition
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Acid- produces H+ ions in aq
Base- produces OH- ions in aq |
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hydronium ion
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H3O+
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Bronsted-Lowry definition
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Acid- proton (H+ ion) donor
Base- proton (H+ ion) acceptor |
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amphoteric
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substances that can act as acids or bases
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salt
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an ionic compound
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titration
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a substance in a solution of known concentration is reacted with another substance in a solution of unknown concentration
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equivalence point
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the point in titration when the # of moles of OH- added equals the # of moles of H+ originally in solution
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strong acid
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on that completely ionizes in solution
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strong electrolyte
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a substance whose aqueous solutions are good conductors of electricity
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strong base
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one that completely dissociates in solution
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ion product constant for water(Kw)
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Kw = [H3O+][OH-]
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buffer
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resists pH change by neutralizing added acid or added base
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