Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Express the rate of this reaction in terms of a single reactant B: 2A + 3B --> C
|
R = - d[B]/3dt
|
|
|
What is the general form of a rate equation? What do all the parts represent?
|
R = k[A]^x[B]^y k is the rate constant and is temp. dependent. x and y are NOT stoichiometric coefficients, they are reactant orders.
|
|
|
How do you determine the overall order of a reaction?
|
You add the orders with respect to individual reactants.
|
|
|
When are reactant orders the same as stoichiometric coefficients?
|
When the reaction is an elementary one. In other words, when no intermediate species are formed on the way from reactants to products. This is not often the case!
|
|
|
When expressing the rate of this reaction in terms of a single reactant, what do you need to remember?
|
The reactant rate of change has a negative sign applied, and any stoichiometric coefficients are included in the denominator
|
|
|
In experiment 1, how was the rate of the reaction measured?
|
The appearance of a blue color indicated the moment in time when all thiosulfate had been bound up with I2, allowing remaining I2 to react with starch and form a blue color.
|
|
|
What are geometric isomers?
|
A type of stereoisomer wherein isomerism comes as a result of something like a C=C double bond. Cis and Trans describe the orientation of the attached groups relative to eachother and the geometric reference point (in this example, the double bond)
|
|
|
What are optical isomers?
|
A form of stereoisomer wherein isomerism comes as a result of mirroring a 3D geometry such that the resultant molecules are non-superimposable
|
|
|
What are stereoisomers?
|
Compounds with the same formula and in which there is a similar attachment of atoms
|
|
|
What terminal on a voltmeter is the positive one?
|
The RED one (where reduction happens)
|
|
|
How was it determined that the Copper Oxalate ion was less stable than the ammonia complex?
|
The addition of equimolar amounts of NH3 and Oxalate did not have equal impact on 1/2 cell reduction potential. Adding NH3 tied up Cu2+ ions more aggressively than oxalate ions.
|
|
|
What is a functional group?
|
A specific group of atoms or bonds that possess characteristic chemical reactivity patterns.
|
|
|
What is unique about IR spectroscopy? What does it allow for?
|
It is a form of vibrational spectrosopy - tests for the presence of abscence of certain functional groups.
|
|
|
What is the difference between thermoset and thermoplastic?
|
Thermoset has cross-linked polymer structures. These bonds are covalent. This means that they cannot be undone without undoing all covalent bonds (destroying the molecule). Thermoplastics have non-covalent interactions between polymers. They can be reformed.
|
|
|
What's typical of addition polymers?
|
They're typically formed from monomers with C=C double bonds. Free radical polymerization happens this way.
|
|
|
What are the three steps of free radical polymerization?
|
Initiation, propagation, termination.
|
|
|
What's a free radical?
|
A molecule with an odd electron. It wants to be paired up!
|
|
|
What does a condensation polymer require?
|
Either a bi- or poly-functional monomer. Otherwise, you'd end up with a polymer that was only 2 "mers" long.
|
|
|
What's the charge of the trans-[Co(en)2Cl2] ion?
|
+1
|
|
|
What does hydrogen peroxide do during the synthesis of trans-[Co(en)2Cl2]+?
|
The +2 oxidation state is much more stable than +3. However, +3 can be stabilized in the trans-[Co(en)2Cl2]+ ion. H-peroxide is used to oxidize the hydrated +2 cobalt and get it ready for en and Cl-
|
|
|
During the hydrolysis of trans-[Co(en)2Cl2]Cl, we measured the half-life at different temperatures. What were we trying to figure out?
|
Activation energy, by plotting ln(k) vs. 1/T and finding the slope (=Ea/R)
|
|
|
What are two characteristics that make a good reference electrode?
|
1) in saturated solution, giving stable potentiometric reference point, and 2) equilibrates quickly
|
|
|
What are the two methods that were discussed in lab for sorting plastics?
|
By density and IR spectroscopy.
|
