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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which is the second most abundant gas that you inhale with each breath?
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oxygen
first most is nitrogen |
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Which statement comparing inhaled and exhaled air is true?
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Inhaled air contains more oxygen than exhaled air.
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Which ranks the gasses in the troposphere in order of increasing concentration?
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CO2 < Ar < O2 < N2
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In the United States, the national ambient air quality standard for PM10 is 150 μg/m3 for a 24-hour period. What does the term PM10 refer to?
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particulate matter with an average diameter less than or equal to 10 micrometers.
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Which factor helps explain why the concentration of carbon monoxide found indoors can be higher than the concentration found outdoors, even if no one smokes indoors?
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Faulty furnaces or space heaters may be emitting carbon monoxide.
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Which elements are paired correctly with these chemical symbols? Ca, C, Cl, Co?
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calcium, carbon, chlorine, cobalt
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in a tropical rain forest, the concentration of water vapor in the atmosphere may reach 50,000 ppm. What is this value expressed as a percent?
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5 %
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In the atmosphere, CO2 is still under 0.04%, but increasing each year. What is this value expressed in parts per million?
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400 ppm
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This graph shows the sources of the pollutant sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the United States in recent years. Which one contributes the largest amount? (86%)
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coal-fired power plants ("fuel combustion")
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Which statement best explains green chemistry?
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the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances.
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Which equation for the complete combustion of methane is balanced?
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CH4 + 2 O2 → 2 H2O + CO2
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How many atoms, and how many electrons (total electrons, not just valence or outermost electrons), are in one molecule of chlorine?
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Two atoms, 34 electrons.
why?: Since the atomic number of Cl is 17, an atom of chlorine has 17 protons in its nucleus (regardless of the number of neutrons, right?) and 17 electrons. Hence, two atoms of Cl would have 34 electrons, and for this reason one molecule of chlorine, Cl2, has 34 electrons. |
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The two chemical substances we call oxygen (O2) and ozone (O3) are examples of what?
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allotropes. (its the only other real word he had besides isotopes!)
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When the following combustion equation is properly balanced, what would be the smallest correct whole number coefficient for oxygen?
C2H4 + O2 → CO2 + H2O |
C2H4+ 3O2---> 2CO2 + 2H2O
3 is the answer |
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Which of the following represents the largest mass? Note that one kilogram (kg) is 1,000 g, one gram (g) is 1,000 milligram (mg), 1 mg is 1,000 micrograms (μg), and 1 μg is 1,000 nanograms (ng).
A. 1.0 × 10−6 kg B. 2.0 × 102 mg C. 1.0 × 105 μg D. 4.0 × 105 ng |
B
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Select the arrangement of electromagnetic radiation which starts with the highest energy photons and decreases to the lowest energy photons.
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X-rays, visible, infrared, microwave
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Which one of orange light, yellow light, and green light has the most energetic photons and which one has the least energetic photons?
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Green light photons are the most energetic and orange light photons are the least energetic
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Which of the following statements about light is true? Only one statement is true:
A. As the frequency decreases, the energy decreases B. As the frequency increases, the energy decreases C. As the wavelength increases, the energy increases D. As the wavelength decreases, the energy remains the same E. None of the above statements is true |
A
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Table salt, NaCl, is 39.1% sodium. How many grams of salt contain 72.0 g of sodium?
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184 g
x(0.391) = 72.0 g→x = (72.0 g)/(0.391) = 184 g |
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Which of the following is not equivalent to 1.00 mol of the indicated substance?
(A) 6.02 × 1023 C atoms (B) 26.0 g Fe (C) 12.01 g C (D) 65.4 g Zn (E) 6.02 × 1023 Fe atoms |
b.
all the others are the correct molar mass or avogadro's number |
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what are the allotropes?
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carbon, oxygen, sulfur, and phosphorous
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avogrados number is how many grams of carbon
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12
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what is a molecule?
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chemical formulas are abbreviations. Smallest stable unit of many elements or compound. It is held together in a specific spatial arrangement by chemical bonds; it contains a fixed number of atoms of one or more elements.
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chemical reactions
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process by which one set of molecules (reactants) are transformed into another set of molecules (products).
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chemical equations
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reactants (formula here)---→ (process by which it transforms) products (formula goes here). Chemical equations must be balanced.
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when will the reaction occur? spontaneously?
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using two things to make energy. -it will occur (chemical reaction) but we don’t know when. It will give off energy (that’s why they occur). It creates energy (a flame hitting oxygen causes a reaction). H2 by itself wont cause a reaction (just popping a ballo0n) but when you add a energy (a flame) it causes a reaction.
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or instantaneous?
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right away
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CH4
C2H6 C3H8 C8H18 |
methane
ethane propane octane |
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what is a direct pollutant?
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: what directly comes out of something and harms the atmosphere: pollution coming out of a car.
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what is the Atomic number?
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how many electrons there are in that element (number on top of letter)
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3 things that atoms do (how they react together
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-Share their electrons with other atoms. -Give up some of their electrons to other atoms – Some take electrons
Metals tend to give up there electrons. Nonmetals share or take electrons |
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Molecular Ions
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bunch of atoms stuck together with either a net negative or net positive charge
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catalyst
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a substance that speeds up the reaction and can even be removed. It is left unchanged by the reaction. It is not consumed.
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earth gets energy from the sun, where does the sun get energy?
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Fusion of hydrogen and helium. Nuclear energy.
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Greenhouse effect
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increase of carbondioxide is making the earth warmer
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Ground state- of a molecule
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in there original state. Lowest energy state of a molecule
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energy spectrum
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gamma, xray, uv, visible, infared, microwave, radio
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