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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The three levels of dysfunction that may be evaluated in a patient with an endocrine problem are primary, secondary, and tertiary. The possible defective sites that correspond to these primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of dysfunction are
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Secretion of hormones by the anterior pituitary is controlled by circulating levels of hormones from the target gland and hormones secreted by the:
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Hypothalamus
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Pituitary secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is inhibited by elevated levels of
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Cortisol-- elevated level of cortisol will inhibit pituitary secretion of ACTH
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Examples of ectopic hormone production would be:
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growth hormone production by lung tumors
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Mention tropic (stimulating) hormones.
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Growth hormone
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Protein hormones exhibit
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Except long half life
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Pituitary adenomas that secrete ________are by far the most common form of hyperpituitarism.
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Prolactin
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Hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland.
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ADH/AVP
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Compounds considered protein hormones are:
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Aldosterone
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The parent substance of all steroid hormones is:
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Cholesterol
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A patient presents with Addison's disease. Serum sodium and potassium analyses are done. The results would reveal:
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Low sodium, High potassium
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Hyponatremia (low serum sodium level) may be found in
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Not found in con’s syndrome
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A low-salt diet, low blood pressure, and diuretics would cause what kind of results?
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increased renin & aldosterone, hypokalemia, hyper
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The FINAL metabolite of epinephrine that is measured in urine is:
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vanillymandelic acid (VMD)
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The definitive diagnosis of primary adrenal insufficiency requires demonstration of:
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Impaired response to ACH stimulation
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The test for adrenal cottical hyperfunction that has the greatest diagnostic sensitivity is measurement of:
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Urinary free cortisol
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As a screening test for Cushing's syndrome, the physician wishes to see whether a patient exhibits normal diurnal rhythm of his cortisol secretion. At what time should the specimens be drawn for plasma cortisol determination?
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8am and 8pm
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A patient is suspected of having Addison's disease. His laboratory tests show low serum sodium and chloride, elevated serum potassium, and elevated urine sodium and chloride levels. The aldosterone cortisol levels are decreased. To make a definitive diagnosis, the physician orders an ACTH stimulation test, and the cortisol level is measured again. If the patient has Addison's disease, the cortisol level would_____. If the patient has hypopituitarism, the levels would_____.
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remain same, increase
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In a patient who is suspected of having pheochromocytoma, measurement of which urinary compound would be the most useful
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metanephrines
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A genetic disorder causing a deficiency of certain enzymes in the synthetic pathways leading to cortisol and aldosterone production is referred to as:
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congenital adrenal hyperplasia
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In a patient with suspected primary hyperthyroidism associated with Graves' disease, one would expect what laboratory serum results?
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T4 increased and TSH decreased
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In a patient suspected of having primary hyperthyroid myxedema, one would expect what type of serum results?
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T4 increased and TSH decreased
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The major fraction of organic iodine circulating in the blood is:
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T4
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T3 is
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The old T3 resin uptake test has been replaced by a direct assay for:
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Bond t3
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What would be most informative additional laboratory serum test to perform on a two-year-old child with a decreased serum T4 who is described as being somewhat dwarfed, stocky, and overweight and having coarse features?
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TSH
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What hormone inhibits TRH in the presence of increased levels of T3 and T4?
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Somatastatin
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The TRH(thyrotropin releasing hormone) stimulation test is useful in differentiating hypothalamic hypothyroidism from
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Primary hyperthyroidism
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When taken by a euthyroid individual, oral contraceptives will have an increasing effect on thyroxine binding globulin?
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True
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May individuals taking recurring regimens of androgens or anabolic steroid drugs exhibit increased TBG levels?
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False
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Calcium concentration in the serum is regulated endogenously by:
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parathyroid hormone
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Factors that influence the serum calcium concentration are:
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tyrosine does not
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A patient has the following test results: increased serum calcium levels, decreased serum phosphorus levels, and increased levels of parathyroid hormone. This patient most likely has:
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PHPT
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